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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Read: Introduction to Validity</h2>
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<p>As the researcher puts together a dataset based on interviews, observations, and other material, she needs to keep in mind the criteria that are used to demonstrate validity of the research. </p>
<p>When we talk about validity, we refer how much an empirical claim from the data actually reflects the meaning of the concept we are studying, as agreed by the community of researchers. Of course, like most subjects, validity can be quite complex and has been defined as having four aspects: face, criterion related, construct, and content validity. I urge you to check out these distinctions in a standard research methods text, for example, Earl Babbie, The Practice of Social Research.</p>
<p>We are not only looking for accuracy or validity but also reliability. Reliability refers to the capacity of the data collection method or tool to consistently get the same results. Conversational interviewing, however, while designed to study a particular topic or set of topics, is not necessarily designed to get the same answers from every respondent.</p>
<p>Although qualitative methods are increasingly being used by researchers across a wide range of fields, persistent skepticism remains about the the reliability as well as validity of qualitative data. This skepticism is especially strong among some who rely on controlled experiments and quantitative data for their own research, unfamiliar with the techniques for producing reliable and valid qualitative data. </p>
<p>Thus, before we turn to some of the particular techniques of conversational interviewing, understanding how validity is established in qualitative research is important, both for our own skill in using qualitative methods, but also for our communication with other scholars both within and outside of our own fields of study. </p>
<p>Here I am relying on the work of Joseph Maxwell published in Miles and Huberman’s companion to qualitative research.</p>
<p>We will use five criteria for establishing validity for qualitative research: </p>
<p>1.<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Descriptive Validity</p>
<p>2.<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Interpretative Validity</p>
<p>3.<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Theoretical Validity </p>
<p>4.<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Generalizability</p>
<p>5. Evaluative Validity</p>
<p>Let’s look at each of these criteria in detail in the next videos.</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Watch: Descriptive Validity</h2>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Descriptive Validity</h3>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Watch: Interpretative Validity</h2>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Watch: Evaluative Validity</h2>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Evaluative Validity</h3>
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