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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Chapter 1. Introduction</h2>
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<h3>CB Ch1 Gallery</h3>
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<p>Image Credits</p>
<p><em><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">"From the Cape to Cairo. </span></em><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Though the Process Be Costly, The Road of Progress Must be Cut" </span><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Puck, December 10, 1902. Artist: Udo Keppler Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/ppmsca.25696/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb01-026_puck_1902_d_2d77a3.htm" target="[object Object]">cb01-026_puck_1902_d_2d77a3</a>]</span></p>
<p><em>"The White Man's</em> <em>Burden"</em> <em>Poem. </em>McClure's Magazine, February 1899 (Vol. XII, No. 4) [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb02-027_28_mcclures.htm" target="[object Object]">cb02-027_28_Mcclures</a>] <strong>SOURCE</strong></p>
<p><em>"The Pigtail Has Got to Go." </em>Puck, October 19, 1898. Artist: Louis Dalrymple. <span style="font-size: 1em;">Source: Beinecke Rare Books & Manuscripts, Yale University. [</span><a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb30-021_puck_1898_o_2d7560.htm" target="[object Object]" style="font-size: 1em;">cb30-021_puck_1898_Oct19_cover_1290728_y</a><span style="font-size: 1em;">]</span></p>
<p><em>"Some One Must Back Up." </em>Judge, December 8, 1900. Artist: Victor Gallam. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb27-004_1900_judge__2d6470.htm" target="[object Object]">cb27-004_1900_Judge_BackUp_000016</a>]</p>
<p><em>"The White Man's Burden (Apologies to Kipling)</em>." Judge, April 1, 1899. Artist: Victor Gallam. Source: CGACGA - The Ohio State University Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum [<a href="https://library.osu.edu/dc/concern/generic_works/g732tk384#.VnRQOHsfuP8" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb25-141_1899_judge__2d5989.htm" target="[object Object]">cb25-141_1899_Judge_d_10386_osu</a>]</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Chapter 2. The White Man's Burden</h2>
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'/assets/courseware/v1/f0b28fd321fa5a3fb39106f51b750b22/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb03-020_puck_1898_June15_AfterManyYears_loc_copy_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“After Many Years”</em><br>“Britannia—Daughter!<br>Columbia—Mother!”<br>Puck, June 15, 1898</strong><br>Artist: Louis Dalrymple<br>Source: Library of Congress<br>In this 1898 cartoon, Britannia (Great Britain) welcomes Columbia (the United States) as an estranged daughter and new imperialist partner. The U.S. entered the elite group of world powers with victories in the “Spanish-American War” (written in the clouds over the naval battle on the right). In the storm clouds on the left, the “Eastern Question” looms.',
'/assets/courseware/v1/4fda203642fc4ce2f72af5a98858ecdc/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb04-001_1898_UnionHumanityCiv_loc_copy_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“A Union in the Interest of Humanity – Civilization</em>”<br>“Freedom and Peace for all Time.” ca. 1898, Donaldson Litho Co.</strong><br>Source: Library of Congress<br>This ca. 1898 poster promotes the U.S.-British rapprochement as “A Union in the Interest of Humanity – Civilization, Freedom and Peace for All Time.” Multiple representations symbolize the two Anglo nations: national symbols (the eagle and lion); flags (the Stars and Stripes and Union Jack); female personifications (Columbia and Britannia); male personifications (Uncle Sam and John Bull); and national coats of arms (eagle and shield for America; lion, unicorn, crown, and shield for Great Britain).',
'/assets/courseware/v1/5d99ef54e8a98ab25af0de9a1265162d/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb08-030_1898_8June_puck_united_28707u_loc_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“United We Stand for Civilization and Peace!”</em><br>Puck, June 8, 1898</strong><br>Artist: Louis Dalrymple<br>Source: Library of Congress<br>Uncle Sam and John Bull, as fellow soldiers, survey the globe from a parapet. The caption applies the motto “united we stand” to the Anglo-Saxon brotherhood spreading Western civilization abroad.',
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</p>
<h3>CB Ch2 Gallery</h3>
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<td>
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<tr>
<td>
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<td>
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</td>
<td>
<img href="#" tabindex="0" onclick="album(data,22)" style="cursor: pointer;" alt="click through icon" src="/assets/courseware/v1/49028b7a630a69960fc5fbd9849ceadf/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb04-001_1898_unionhu_1b453.jpg" />
</td>
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<tr>
<td>
<img href="#" tabindex="0" onclick="album(data,24)" style="cursor: pointer;" alt="click through icon" style="height:15%, margin-right: 10px;" src="/assets/courseware/v1/a103f494b2d9b1f4f6eab1641a12e329/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb08-030_1898_8june_p_1b466.jpg" />
</td>
<td>
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<p></p>
</div>
</div>
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<p>Image Credits (from left to right, top to bottom)</p>
<p><em>"The White(?) Man's Burden" </em>Illustration on the cover of Life, March 16, 1899. Author: William H. Walker. Source: William H. Walker Cartoon Collection, Princeton University Library [<a href="http://findingaids.princeton.edu/collections/MC068/c00104" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb26-139_1899_march1_2d5987.htm" target="[object Object]">cb26-139_1899_March16_WllmHWalker_WhManB_LifeMag_Princeton</a>]</p>
<p><i>"It Ought to be a Happy New Year." </i>It Ought to be a Happy New Year. Uncle Sam and his English cousin have the world between them." Judge, January 7, 1899. Artist: Victor Gillam. Source: CGACGA - The Ohio State University Billy Ireland Cartoon Library and Museum [<a href="https://library.osu.edu/dc/concern/generic_works/g732tk30x#.VnRPCXsfuP-" target="[object Object]">view</a>] [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb09-140_1899_jan7_j_2d6802.htm" target="[object Object]">cb09-140_1899_jan7_j_2d6802</a>]</p>
<p><em>"The Anglo-Saxon Christmas, 1899".</em> "The Anglo-Saxon Christmas, 1899. War on Earth. Good Will to Nobody." Life, January 4, 1900. Artist: unidentified. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb23-133_1900_jan4_l_2d5986.htm" target="[object Object]">cb23-133_1900_Jan4_life1900v2</a>]</p>
<p>"Japan Makes her Debut under Columbia's Auspices." Puck, August 16, 1899. Artist: Udo Keppler. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647330/" target="[object Object]">view</a>].[<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb21-112_puck_1899_a_2d5982.htm" target="[object Object]">cb21-112_puck_1899_Aug16_JapanDebut_28532u</a>]</p>
<p><em>"--And Peace Shall Rule." </em>Puck, May 3, 1899. Artist: Udo Keppler. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647419/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb10-101_puck_1899_m_2d597c.htm" target="[object Object]">cb10-101_puck_1899_May3_Peace_28594u</a>]</p>
<p><em>"The Sphinx of the Period. An Unknown Quantity in Modern Warfare." </em>Puck, April 27, 1898. Artist: Udo Keppler. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647558/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb06-108_1898_april2_2d646d.htm" target="[object Object]">cb06-108_1898_April27_puck_Sphinx_28695uloc</a>]</p>
<p><em>"A Rival Who Has Come to Stay. John Bull -- Good 'evins! -- wotever'll become of my ship-building monopoly, if that there Yankee is going to turn out boats like that right along?" </em>Puck, July 24, 1895. Artist: Louis Dalrymple. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012648646/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb05-129_1895_july24_2d67d3.htm" target="[object Object]">cb05-129_1895_July24_ShipBuilder_Puck_29027u_loc</a>]</p>
<p><em>"Leur rêve."</em> Translation: "Their dream." L'Assiette au Beurre, June 27, 1901. Artist: Théophile Steinlen. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb20-226_1901_june27_2d5990.htm" target="[object Object]">cb20-226_1901_June27_212-213</a>]. [<a href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k10478288/f1.planchecontact.r=L%27Assiette%20au%20beurre.langEN" target="[object Object]">view complete issue</a>]</p>
<p><em>"Misery Loves Company; -- but they hope soon to be out of it"</em>. Puck, March 20, 1901. Artist: Louis Dalrymple. Source: Theodore Roosevelt Center at Dickinson State University [<a href="http://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/Research/Digital-Library/Record.aspx?libID=o275822" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb22-119_1901_march2_2d646e.htm" target="[object Object]">cb22-119_1901_march2_2d646e</a>]</p>
<p><em>"The Modern Sphinx has Spoken. The American Battle-Ship is No Longer an Unknown Quantity."</em> Puck, June 1, 1898. Artist: Louis Dalrymple. Source: U.S. Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647568/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb07-109_1898_june1__2d646c.htm" target="[object Object]">cb07-109_1898_June1_puck_sphinx2_28705u</a>]</p>
<p><em>"After Many Years. Briannia--Daughter! Columbia--Mother!"</em> Puck, June 15, 1898. Artist: Louis Dalrymple. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647573/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb03-020_puck_1898_j_2d5973.htm" target="[object Object]">cb03-202_puck_1898_June15_AfterManyYears_loc</a>]</p>
<p><em>"A Union in the Interest of Humanity -- Civilization Freedom and Peace for all Time." </em>ca. 1898, Donaldson Litho Co. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/99472459/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb04-001_1898_unionh_2d67d2.htm" target="[object Object]">cb04-001_1898_unionh_2d67d2</a>]</p>
<p><em>"United We Stand for Civilization and Peace!" </em>Puck, June 8, 1898. Artist: Louis Dalrymple. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647570/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb08-030_1898_8june__2d597a.htm" target="[object Object]">cb08-030_1898_8June_puck_united_28707u_loc</a>]</p>
<p><em>The White Man's Burden (Apologies to Kipling)</em>. Judge, April 1, 1899. Artist: Victor Gallam. Source: CGACGA - The Ohio State University Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum [<a href="https://library.osu.edu/dc/concern/generic_works/g732tk384#.VnRQOHsfuP8" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb25-141_1899_judge__2d5989.htm" target="[object Object]">cb25-141_1899_Judge_d_10386_osu</a>]</p>
</div>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Chapter 3. Progress and Profits</h2>
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'/assets/courseware/v1/47381d9238b6207b3cf5cb046ee3e59b/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb28-038_1900_Mar21_Judge_Philippines_wm_1500w.jpeg', '<strong><em>“And, After All, the Philippines are only the Stepping Stone to China”</em><br>Judge, March 21, 1900</strong><br>Artist: Emil Flohri<br>Source: Wikimedia<br>The Philippines are diminished as <em>“Only the Stepping-Stone”</em> that enables the U.S. to reach the eagerly anticipated China market. Along with his burden of steel, trains, sewing machines, and other industrial goods, Uncle Sam carries a book titled <em>“Education, Religion”</em> in a nod to the rhetoric of moral uplift that accompanied the commercial goals of the civilizing mission. He is greeted with open arms by a mandarin and <em>“Wanted...”</em> signs articulating prodigious opportunities for business.',
'/assets/courseware/v1/847c60e128b9814148820dcb4abf2279/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb29-151_1899_Aug21_Verdict_Houghton_1500w.jpeg', '<strong><em>“The Way We Get the War News”</em><br>“The Manila Correspondent and the McKinley Censorship.”<br>The Verdict, August 21, 1899</strong><br>Artist: George Benjamin Luts<br>Source: Houghton Library, Harvard<br>A chained “War Correspondent” is forced to rewrite his reports under the direction of Major General Elwell Otis during the Philippine-American war. As the military governor until May 1900, Otis inflated Filipino atrocities and prevented journalists, Red Cross officials, and soldiers from reporting American atrocities, though ghastly accounts slipped through. The cartoonist targets capitalists as the true power behind the policies and practices in the Pacific, with a portrait of businessman Marcus Hanna—a dollar sign elongating his ear—that dwarfs a portrait of President William McKinley.',
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'/assets/courseware/v1/3030312c658849a341c89dbe0226780b/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb31-105_1900_PUCK_Aug8_1stDuty_25445u_loc_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“The First Duty</em><br>Civilization (to China). —That dragon must be killed before our troubles can be adjusted. If you don’t do it I shall have to.”<br>Puck, August 8, 1900</strong><br>Artist: Udo Keppler<br>Source: Library of Congress<br><em>“Civilization”</em> warns China’s passive emperor to stop the <em>“Anarchy”</em>, <em>“Murder,”</em> and <em>“Riot”</em> spread by Boxer insurgents—visualized as a dragon crawling over the city wall—attacking missionaries, Chinese Christians, and Westerners. When this cartoon was published, the foreign Legation Quarter in Beijing was besieged by Boxers and Qing troops. Lasting from June 20 to August 14, 1900, the siege was the catalyst for a rescue mission by the Allied forces of eight major world powers.',
'/assets/courseware/v1/74d86f1c570f6d11d3e2b22e746aa557/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb36-022_puck_1899_18980125_yale_cc_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“School Begins”</em><br>Uncle Sam (to his new class in Civilization): “Now, children, you’ve got to learn these lessons whether you want to or not! But just take a look at the class ahead of you, and remember that, in a little while, you will feel as glad to be here as they are!”<br>Puck, January 25, 1899</strong><br>Artist: Louis Dalrymple<br>Source: Beinecke Rare Books & Manuscripts, Yale University<br>Louis Dalrymple’s exceptionally detailed 1899 Puck graphic includes racist and denigrating depictions within a schoolhouse metaphor to demonstrate the right to govern newly acquired territories without their consent. The argument follows England’s example, as spelled out on the blackboard, that “By not waiting for their consent, she has greatly advanced the world’s civilization.”<br>The book on the desk reads: “U.S. First Lessons in Self Government.”<br>The paper on desk reads: “The New Class. Philippines, Hawaii, Cuba, Porto Rico.”<br>Class holds schoolbooks labeled “Alaska, Texas, Arizona, California, New Mexico.”<br>Blackboard: “The consent of the governed is a good thing in theory, but very rare in fact. England has governed her colonies whether they consented or not. By not waiting for their consent she has greatly advanced the world’s civilization. — The U.S. must govern its new territories with or without their consent until they can govern themselves.”<br>The wall sign overhead reads: “The Confederate States refused their consent to be governed; but the Union was preserved without their consent.” <br>A Native American reads a book upside down, a prospective Chinese pupil stands in the doorway, and an African-American washes windows.',
'/assets/courseware/v1/1f46b1223a56d5f05628e7381cfa745b/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb37-142_1899_Aug27_Harpers_d_2077_osu_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“Uncle Sam’s New Class in the Art of Self-Government”</em><br>Harper’s Weekly: A Jounral of Civilization, August 27, 1898</strong><br>Artists: W. A. Rogers<br>Source: The Ohio State University Cartoon Research Library<br>Uncle Sam breaks up a fight between students identified as <em>“Cuban Ex-Patriot”</em> and <em>“Guerilla”</em> in his <em>“New Class in the Art of Self-Government.”</em> The famous white-haired general, Máximo Gómez, a master of insurgency tactics in the Cuban Independence War (1895-1898) reads a book with his name on it. The president of the First Philippine Republic, Emilio Aguinaldo, is portrayed as a barefoot savage, wild hair escaping from a dunce cap. <em>“Hawaii”</em> and <em>“Porto Rico”</em> are model female students. The large <em>“Map of the United States and Neighboring Countries”</em> is dotted with U.S. flags marking newly acquired territories.',
'/assets/courseware/v1/79a229ec77cb5ef07ceb69763bab4eb3/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb38-023_puck_1899_Dec27_OurChristmasTree_loc_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“Our Christmas Tree”</em><br>Puck, December 27, 1899</strong><br>Artist: Udo Keppler<br>Source: Library of Congress<br>Columbia and Uncle Sam pluck gifts from <em>“Our Christmas Tree,”</em> including law and order, technology, and education, for overseas territories <em>“Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Philippines,”</em> condescendingly drawn as grateful children.',
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<h3>CB Ch3 Gallery</h3>
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<p>Image Credits</p>
<p><em>"Some One Must Back Up." </em>Judge, December 8, 1900. Artist: Victor Gallam. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb27-004_1900_judge__2d6470.htm" target="[object Object]">cb27-004_1900_Judge_BackUp_000016</a>]</p>
<p><em>"And, After All, the Philippines are Only the Stepping-Stone to China." </em>Judge, ca. 1900. Artist: Emil Flohri. Source: Wikimedia [<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flohri_cartoon_about_the_Philippines_as_a_bridge_to_China.jpg" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb28-038_1900_mar21__2d597b.htm" target="[object Object]">cb28-038_1900_Mar21_Judge_Philippines_wm</a>]</p>
<p><em>"The Way We Get the War News. The Manila Correspondent and the McKinley Censorship."</em> Artist: George Benjamin Luts. The Verdict, August 21, 1899. Source: Houghton Library, Harvard University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb29-151_1899_aug21__2d646f.htm" target="[object Object]">cb29-151_1899_Aug21_Verdict_Houghton</a>]</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px;"><em>"The Pigtail Has Got to Go." </em>Puck, October 19, 1898. Artist: Louis Dalrymple. <span style="font-size: 1em;">Source: Beinecke Rare Books & Manuscripts, Yale University. [</span><a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb30-021_puck_1898_o_2d7560.htm" target="[object Object]" style="font-size: 1em;">cb30-021_puck_1898_Oct19_cover_1290728_y</a><span style="font-size: 1em;">]</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 1em;"><em>"The First Duty. Civilization (to China). -- That dragon must be killed before our troubles can be adjusted. If you don't do it I shall have to."</em> Puck, August 8, 1900. Artist: Udo Keppler. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010651318/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb31-105_1900_puck_a_2d6473.htm" target="[object Object]">cb31-105_1900_PUCK_Aug8_1stDuty_2544u_loc</a>]</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px;"><em>"School Begins. Uncle Sam (to his new class in Civilization): Now, children, you've got to learn these lessons whether you want to or not! But just take a look at the class ahead of you, and remember that, in a little while, you will fell as glad to be here as they are!" </em>Puck, January 25, 1899. Artist: Louis Dalrymple. Source: Beinecke Rare Books and Manuscripts, Yale University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb36-022_puck_1899_1_2d7569.htm" target="[object Object]">cb36-022_puck_1899_18980125_yale</a>]</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px;"><em>"Uncle Sam's New Class in the Art of Self-Government." </em>Harper's Weekly: A Journal of Civilization, August 27, 1898. Artist: W. A. Rogers. Source: The Ohio State University Cartoon Research Library [<a href="http://hti.osu.edu/opper/lesson-plans/american-imperialism/uncle-sams-new-class-in-the-art-self-government" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb37-142_1899_aug27__2d598a.htm" target="[object Object]">cb37-142_1898_Aug27_Harpers_d_2077_osu</a>]</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px;"><em>"Our Christmas Tree." </em>Puck, December 27, 1899. Artist: Udo Keppler. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647395/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb38-023_puck_1899_d_2d5976.htm" target="[object Object]">cb10-101_puck_1899_May3_Peace_28594u</a>]</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px;">Last two images:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px;">"The March of the Strenuous Civilization." Life, April 11, 1901. Artist: C. S. Taylor. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb95-320_1901_life19_2d5999.htm" target="[object Object]">cb95-320_1901_life19_2d5999</a>] [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb96-320_1901_life19_2d599a.htm" target="[object Object]">cb96-320_1901_life1901v1_014</a>]</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 1em;"> </span></p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Chapter 4. Bibles and Guns</h2>
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'/assets/courseware/v1/571e7ffa21cd73bea9ddf7f0555febb7/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb50-230_1901_July4_231_right_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“—Dites donc: Si le Christ voyait tout ça, il ferait une tête ...!”</em><br>(I’d say: If Christ saw all this, he would lose his mind ...!)<br>L’Assiette au Buerre, No. 14, July 4, 1901</strong><br>Arist: René Georges Hermann-Paul<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France<br>In this French cartoon from a special issue titled, “La Guerre” (War), a missionary and a Red Cross representative lament the violent and un-Christian behavior of Westerners overseas.',
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<h3>CB Chapter 4</h3>
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<p>Image Credits</p>
<p><em>"The Advance Agent of Modern Civilization."</em> Puck, January 12, 1898. Artist: Udo Keppler. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647593/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb40-029_1898_12janu_2d756c.htm" target="[object Object]">cb40-029_1898_12janu_2d756c</a>]</p>
<p><em>"The Gospel According to St. William." </em>Puck, September 26, 1900. Artist: Udo Keppler. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010651331/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb41-103_puck_1900_s_2d6d3b.htm" target="[object Object]">cb41-103_puck_1900_s_2d6d3b</a>]</p>
<p><em>"Le moderne Attila part en geurre au nom de la civilization." (The modern Attila goes to war on behalf of civilization.) </em>Fischietto, ca. 1900. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb42-011_dh7066_e138_2d6d3e.htm" target="[object Object]">cb42-011_dh7066_e138_2d6d3e</a>] <strong>SOURCE</strong></p>
<p><em>"Our 'Civilized' Heathen. And yet Uncle Sam is always giving money to 'save the Heathen.'" </em>Puck, September 8, 1897. Artist: Samuel D. Ehrhart. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647612/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb43-104_puck_1897_s_2d756f.htm" target="[object Object]">cb43-104_puck_1897_Sept8_Heathen_28734u</a>]</p>
<p><em>"As the Heathen See Us -- A Meeting of the Chinese Foreign Missions Society." Signs: "Contributions received here to save the foreign devils" and "Help the Heathen" </em>Puck, November 21, 1900. Artist: John S. Pughe. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010651348/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb44-017_libc_1900_25475u_c.htm" target="[object Object]">cb44-017_libc_1900_25475u_c</a>]</p>
<p><em>"--Dites donc: Si le Christ voyait tout ça, il ferait une tête ...!" (I'd say: If Christ saw all this, he would lose his mind ...!). </em>L'Assiete au Beurre, No. 14, July 4, 1901. Artist: René Georges Hermann-Paul. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb50-230_1901_july4__2d5991.htm" target="[object Object]">cb50-230_1901_july4__2d5991</a>]</p>
<p><em>"... Le jour de gloire est arrivé!" (The day of glory has arrived!) </em>L'Assiete au Beurre, No. 14, July 4, 1901. Artist: René Georges Hermann-Paul. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb51-233_1901_july4__2d5992.htm" target="[object Object]">cb51-233_1901_july4__2d5992</a>]</p>
<p><em>"--Personne ne comprend ce qu'il dit, mon commandant. --Parfait, fusillez-le." (--No one understands what he says, commander. --Perfect, shoot him.) </em>L'Assiete au Beurre, No. 14, July 4, 1901. Artist: René Georges Hermann-Paul. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb52-234_1901_july4__2d5993.htm" target="[object Object]">cb52-234_1901_july4__2d5993</a>]</p>
<p><em>"Are our teachings, then, in vain?" </em>Puck, October 3, 1900. Artist: Udo Keppler. Source: U.S. Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010651334/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb53-005_1900_puck_o_2d7573.htm" target="[object Object]">cb53-005_1900_puck_o_2d7573</a>] </p>
<p><em>"William! William!! The President's Speech"</em> Life, May 24, 1900. Artist: William Bengough. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb93-317_1900_may24__2d6d43.htm" target="[object Object]">cb93-317_1900_may24__2d6d43</a>]</p>
<p><em>"Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian --Acts xxvi, 28." </em>Life, April 25, 1901. Artist: William H. Walker. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb97-321_1901_life19_2d6d45.htm" target="[object Object]">cb97-321_1901_life19_2d6d45</a>]</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Chapter 5. Who is the Barbarian?</h2>
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var data = ['/assets/courseware/v1/6fa074889614fa57d156c87d109ac3cb/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb54-002_1899_July10_BarbCiv_HermannPaul_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>Barbarie — Civilisation”</em><br>Full caption: “It’s all a matter of perspective. When a Chinese coolie strikes a French soldier the result is a public cry of ‘Barbarity!’ But when a French soldier strikes a coolie, it’s a necessary blow for civilization.”</br>Le Cri de Paris, July 10, 1899</strong><br>Artist: René Georges Hermann-Paul',
'/assets/courseware/v1/d7ee1ec308143570aceb29f3e4b0e763/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb60-200_1901_Sept28_Transvaal_pg00_LAssiette_au_Beurre_1500w.jpeg', '<strong><em>“Les Camps de Reconcentration au Transvaal. Le Silence”</em><br>(“Concentration Camps in the Transvaal. Silence”)<br>L’Assiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901</strong><br>Artist: Jean Veber<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France<br>This special issue of L’Assiette au Beurre drew particular attention to the brutal tactics adopted by the British in the Boer War, including herding the families of the Boer opponent into concentration camps. Stark images such as these helped make public a subject that was generally suppressed.',
'/assets/courseware/v1/e1c876220c6ac51aee2dd80af3f76a30/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb61-201_1901_Sept28_Transvaal_pg06_LAssiette_au_Beurre_1500w.jpeg', '<strong><em>“Les Progrès de la Science”</em><br>(The Advances of Science)<br>L’Assiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901</strong><br>Artist: Jean Veber<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France<br>British soldiers laugh at the spectacle of Boer prisoners of war being shocked by an electric fence. The title of the cartoon calls attention to the barbarous uses of much modern technology and so-called “progress.”<br>Caption: “...les prisonniers boërs ont été réunis en de grands enclos où depuis 18 mois ils trouvent le repos et le calme. Un treillage de fer traversé par un courant électrique est la plus saine et la plus sûre des clôtures. Elle permet aux prisonniers de jouir de la vue du dehors et d’avoir ainsi l’illusion de la liberté... (Rapport officiel au War Office.)”<br>Translation: “...the Boer prisoners were gathered in large enclosures where, for the last 18 months, they found rest and quiet. An iron railing through which an electric current runs is the healthiest and safest of fences. It allows prisoners to enjoy the view from the outside and have the illusion of freedom ... (Official Report to the War Office.)”',
'/assets/courseware/v1/fcf6fa411454906628fcd25793df7c05/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb62-203_1901_Sept28_Transvaal_pg09_LAssiette_au_Beurre_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“Vers le Camp de Reconcentration”</em><br>(“To the Concentration Camp”)<br>L’Assiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901</strong><br>Artist: Jean Veber<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France<br>Women and children were included among the Boer prisoners of the British. The French caption mocks British hypocrisy in officially praising the humanitarian behavior of their armed forces.<br>Caption: “... hier encore nous avons pris un important commando. Je l’ai fait reléguer sous bonne escorte. L’humanité de nos soldats est admirable et ne se lasse pas malgré la férocité des Boërs ... (Rapport officiel au War Office.)”<br>Translation: “... yesterday we took important commandos. I relegated an escort. The humanity of our soldiers is admirable and does not tire despite the ferocity of the Boers ... (Official Report to the War Office.)”',
'/assets/courseware/v1/e6c30c927e8e8425e4c299b2ae335886/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb63-205_1901_Sept28_Transvaal_pg12_LAssiette_au_Beurre_1500w.jpeg','Additional detail from Jean Veber’s “Les Camps de Reconcentration au Transvaal” illustrations in the Sept. 28, 1901 issue of L’Assiette au Beurre.<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France',
'/assets/courseware/v1/e3bdd261da079039a9dda8709a5279f8/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb64-206_1901_Sept28_Transvaal_pg14_LAssiette_au_Beurre_1500w.jpeg','Additional detail from Jean Veber’s “Les Camps de Reconcentration au Transvaal” illustrations in the Sept. 28, 1901 issue of L’Assiette au Beurre.<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France ',
'/assets/courseware/v1/fafab14e18b8ee0e1bbdeb17006572c4/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb65-209_1901_Sept28_Transvaal_pg21_LAssiette_au_Beurre_1500w.jpeg', 'Additional details from Jean Veber’s “Les Camps de Reconcentration au Transvaal” illustrations in the Sept. 28, 1901 issue of L’Assiette au Beurre.<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France',
'/assets/courseware/v1/a6946bb4445c85b83d99938656d30b6f/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb70-014_harpers1900_07_v2a_012_1500w.jpeg', '“<strong><em>Is this Imperialism?</em><br>‘No blow has been struck except for liberty and humanity, and none will be.’<br>—William McKinley”<br>Harper’s Weekly, July 28, 1900</strong><br>Artist: W. A. Rogers<br>Source: Widener Library, Harvard University<br>As the caption indicates, this cover illustration dismisses charges of imperialism that critics directed against American expansion at the turn of the century. Harper’s Weekly took pride in billing itself as “A Journal of Civilization.” The barbarians depicted here are Chinese Boxers who committed atrocities against Christian missionaries.',
'/assets/courseware/v1/26db77b24c1a3eef8f7941ef3a0174dc/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb71-244_1902_26Feb_pg04_HugoIssueBySteinlen_lassiette_au_beurre_1500w.jpeg', '<strong>From the issue titled: <em>“A Vision de Hugo, 1802–1902.”</em><br>L’Assiette au Beurre, February 26, 1902 (No. 47)</strong><br>Artist: Théophile Steinlen<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France<br>This special issue illustrated by Théophile Steinlen comprises a particularly gruesome mural depicting the bloodshed of contemporary colonial wars in Turkey, China, and Africa. The scene above turns the tables on the Harper’s Weekly cover (previous) and accuses foreign troops and missionaries of atrocities during the Boxer Uprising in China.',
'/assets/courseware/v1/3641f607d6c3ae6a78e8b307238e6fdc/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb72-245_1902_26Feb_pg05_HugoIssueBySteinlen_lassiette_au_beurre__1500w.jpeg','<strong>From the issue titled: <em>“A Vision de Hugo, 1802–1902.”</em><br>L’Assiette au Beurre, February 26, 1902 (No. 47)</strong><br>Artist: Théophile Steinlen<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France<br><a href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1047674t/f5.planchecontact">Click here for the complete issue</a><br><a href="http://www.graphicwitness.org/group/beurre4.htm">Click here for a website that discusses the full panorama of Steinlen’s searing 1902 graphics</a>',
'/assets/courseware/v1/f6fb48311049914effe80574593204bf/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb73-246_1902_26Feb_pg06_HugoIssueBySteinlen_lassiette_au_beurre_1500w.jpeg','<strong>From the issue titled: <em>“A Vision de Hugo, 1802–1902.”</em><br>L’Assiette au Beurre, February 26, 1902 (No. 47)</strong><br>Artist: Théophile Steinlen<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France<br><a href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1047674t/f5.planchecontact">Click here for the complete issue</a><br><a href="http://www.graphicwitness.org/group/beurre4.htm">Click here for a website that discusses the full panorama of Steinlen’s searing 1902 graphics</a>',
'/assets/courseware/v1/bb9bb17d5ca31b080972c57825d847d0/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb74-247_1902_26Feb_pg07_HugoIssueBySteinlen_lassiette_au_beurre_1500w.jpeg','<strong>From the issue titled: <em>“A Vision de Hugo, 1802–1902.”</em><br>L’Assiette au Beurre, February 26, 1902 (No. 47)</strong><br>Artist: Théophile Steinlen<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France<br><a href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1047674t/f5.planchecontact">Click here for the complete issue</a><br><a href="http://www.graphicwitness.org/group/beurre4.htm">Click here for a website that discusses the full panorama of Steinlen’s searing 1902 graphics</a>',
'/assets/courseware/v1/17e861581912250436c89775223a6b7a/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb80-010_Simplicissimus_July3_1900_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“Der Traum der Kaiserin von China”</em><br>(The Dream of the Empress of China)<br>Simplicissimus, July 3, 1900</strong><br>Artist: Thomas Theodor Heine<br>Source: The Weimar Classics Foundation<br>Caption: “Der Europäer giesst die Segnungen seiner Kultur über den Erdball aus.” (The Europeans pour the blessings of its culture over the globe.)<br>The satirical weekly, Simplicissimus, flourished from 1896 to 1967 with a hiatus from 1944 to 1954.',
'/assets/courseware/v1/9eab8748ea3e6fa8d342c903a13971f1/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb81-009_Simplicissimus_Aug21_1900_Heine_1500w.jpeg','',
'/assets/courseware/v1/12595e7b69f05f12d24ba30c11220751/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb82-016_judge_1900_007_c_1500w.jpeg','“<strong><em>Think It Over.</em><br>All this for politics—is civilization advancing?”<br>Judge, February 3, 1900</strong><br>Artist: Victor Gillam<br>Source: Widener Library, Harvard University<br>The barbarity of imperial war is displayed on a battlefield littered with dead soldiers of many nationalities that stretches from contemporary wars—here, the “Philippines” and “Transvaal” (Boer War)—back through time to “Roman Wars.” The sub-caption of this 1900 Judge cartoon once again asks the disturbing question: “is civilization advancing?”',
'/assets/courseware/v1/2c0660294da1fed1a546103c5c99c132/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb90-210_1901_Sept28_Transvaal_pg22_LAssiette_au_Beurre_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“Le Royaume-Uni”</em><br>(“United Kingdom”)<br>L’Assiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901</strong><br>Artist: Jean Veber<br>Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France<br>In this cartoon from the French special issue on concentration camps in the Boer War, a gaunt Britannia is the only living creature in a vast graveyard for dead British soldiers. Generic names on the gravestones are coupled with places of origin, including England, Scotland, Ireland, New Zealand, Canada, Australia, Gibraltar, India, Ceylon, and Egypt, indicating the diversity of those recruited to fight and die for the British Empire. This military dimension of the multi-ethnic “United Kingdom” is often forgotten. (The artist signed his name on the grave on the lower right.)',
'/assets/courseware/v1/022495986db170238e2728aba2efbddf/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb91-313_1899_July6_Life_eis_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“The Harvest in the Philippines”</em><br>Life, July 6, 1899</strong><br>Artist: Frederick Thompson Richards<br>In mid 1899, Life published this chilling view of the war in the Philippines that was to drag on for several more years. Uncle Sam, armed and dangerous, cocks an eyebrow as he displays his handiwork: countless dead Filipino soldiers laid out in rows.',
'/assets/courseware/v1/b6b5a4c7bf6e7d1460c548333a6ccc6d/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb92-315_1900_May3_life1900v2_008_widener_1500w.jpeg','<strong><em>“Lucky Filipinos.”</em><br>Life, May 3, 1900</strong><br>Artist: unknown<br>Source: Widener Library, Harvard University<br>The long text accompanying this grim illustration reads as follows:<br>Lucky Filipinos.<br>It appears that the Filipinos have lost confidence in Americans.<br>Do those benighted wretches fail to realize what we have accomplished in their islands?<br>We may have burnt certain villages, destroyed considerable property and incidentally slaughtered a few thousand of their sons and brothers, husbands and fathers, etc., but what did they expect? Were we to transport an army more than half way around the earth merely to listen to peace propositions?<br>Not much.<br>And look at Manila.<br>Two years ago the main street of Manila did not possess a single saloon. Now there are thirteen on this one street!<br>And they complain that drunken American soldiers insult the native women.<br>What do they expect from a drunken soldier, anyway?<br>Progress is now in those islands.<br>She may be red-handed, and at times drunk, but she is there for business.',
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<h3>CB Chapter 5</h3>
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<p>Image Credits (from left to right, top to bottom)</p>
<p><em>"Barbarie — Civilisation" Full caption: “It’s all a matter of perspective. When a Chinese coolie strikes a French soldier the result is a public cry of ‘Barbarity!’ But when a French soldier strikes a coolie, it’s a necessary blow for civilization.</em> Le Cri de Paris, July 10, 1899. Artist: René Georges Hermann-Paul. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb54-002_1899_july10_2d6f45.htm" target="[object Object]">cb54-002_1899_july10_2d6f45</a>] <strong>SOURCE</strong></p>
<p><em>“Les Camps de Reconcentration au Transvaal. Le Silence” (“Concentration Camps in the Transvaal. Silence”).</em> L’Assiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901. Artist: Jean Veber. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb60-200_1901_sept28_2d598c.htm" target="[object Object]">cb60-200_1901_sept28_2d598c</a>]</p>
<p>“Les Progrès de la Science”. (The Advances of Science). L’Assiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901. Artist: Jean Veber. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb61-201_1901_sept28_2d6f6f.htm" target="[object Object]">cb61-201_1901_sept28_2d6f6f</a>]</p>
<p><em>“Vers le Camp de Reconcentration”. (“To the Concentration Camp”).</em> L’Assiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901. Artist: Jean Veber. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb62-203_1901_sept28_2d6f71.htm" target="[object Object]">cb62-203_1901_sept28_2d6f71</a>]</p>
<p><strong>SET OF THREE IMAGES</strong></p>
<p>Additional detail from “<em>Les Camps de Reconcentration au Transvaal</em>” illustrations. L’Assiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901. Artist: Jean Veber. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb63-205_1901_sept28_2d59ad.htm" target="[object Object]">cb63-205_1901_sept28_2d59ad</a>] [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb64-206_1901_sept28_2d59ae.htm" target="[object Object]">cb64-206_1901_sept28_2d59ae</a>] [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb65-209_1901_sept28_2d6f88.htm" target="[object Object]">cb65-209_1901_sept28_2d6f88</a>]</p>
<p><strong>ADD TO IP TRACKING LIST:</strong></p>
<p><em>"Is this Imperialism? 'No blow has been struck except for liberty and humanity, and none will be. ' — William McKinley." </em>Harper's Weekly, July 28, 1900. Artist: W. A. Rogers. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb70-014_harpers1900_2d5970.htm" target="[object Object]">cb70-014_harpers1900_2d5970</a>]</p>
<p><b>SET OF FOUR IMAGES</b></p>
<p><i>From the issue titled: "A Vision de Huge, 1802-1902." </i>L'Assiette au Beurre, Feburary 26, 1902 (No. 47). Artist: Théophile Steinlen. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb71-244_1902_26feb__2d59a8.htm" target="[object Object]">cb71-244_1902_26feb__2d59a8</a>] [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb72-245_1902_26feb__2d59a9.htm" target="[object Object]">cb72-245_1902_26feb__2d59a9</a>] [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb73-246_1902_26feb__2d59aa.htm" target="[object Object]">cb73-246_1902_26feb__2d59aa</a>] [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb74-247_1902_26feb__2d59ab.htm" target="[object Object]">cb74-247_1902_26feb__2d59ab</a>]</p>
<p><em>"Der Traum der Kaiserin von China" (The Dream of the Empress of China). </em>Simplicissimus, July 3, 1900. Artist: Thomas Theodor Heine. Source: The Weimar Classics Foundation. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb80-010_simplicissi_2d596e.htm" target="[object Object]">cb80-010_simplicissi_2d596e</a>]</p>
<p><b>MISSING CAPTION FOR SECOND SIMPLICISSIMUS IMAGE</b></p>
<p><em>"Think It Over. All this for politics</em><em>—is civilization advancing?" </em>Judge, February 3, 1900. Artist: Victor Gillam. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb82-016_judge_1900_007_c.htm" target="[object Object]">cb82-016_judge_1900_007_c</a>]</p>
<p><em>"Le Royaume-Uni" ("United Kingdom"). </em>L'Assiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901. Artist: Jean Veber. Source: Bibliothèque nationale de France. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb90-210_1901_sept28_2d598f.htm" target="[object Object]">cb90-210_1901_sept28_2d598f</a>]</p>
<p><em>"The Harvest in the Philippines." </em>Life, July 6, 1899. Artist: Frederick Thompson Richards. <strong>SOURCE? </strong>[<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb91-313_1899_july6__2d5995.htm" target="[object Object]">cb91-313_1899_july6__2d5995</a>]</p>
<p><em>"Lucky Filipinos." </em>Life, May 3, 1900. Artist: unknown. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb92-315_1900_may3_l_2d6f46.htm" target="[object Object]">cb92-315_1900_may3_l_2d6f46</a>]</p>
<p><em>"A Red-Letter Day. The Stranger: How long have you been civilized? The Native: Ever since my home was burned to the ground and my wife and children shot." </em>Life, October 18, 1900. Artist: Frederick Thompson Richards. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb94-319_1900_oct18__2d6f47.htm" target="[object Object]">cb94-319_1900_oct18__2d6f47</a>]</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Collective Gallery, all images in Module II</h2>
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'/assets/courseware/v1/99bde17c4c11b59cf7269794a036b54a/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb94-319_1900_Oct18_Life_RedLetterDay_FrkThompsonRichards_eis_1500w.jpeg','']; //data has image name, then caption if applicable.
var captions = false; //set to false if you don't want captions, set to true if you d
var sidebarOpen = false; //lets toggleSidebar function know whether it's open or not.
var bookmark = 0; //sets the album start on the index of data (first image)
function album(data,index){
$('#vpxMain').append("<div id='vpxOverlay'><img alt='' id='vpxImage' src='" + data[index] + "'/><button type='button' id='vpxLeft' onclick='turnPage(-2)' class='asText'><img alt='left button' src='/assets/courseware/v1/5f6befa3d9798df3a129c4f061fdfec0/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/left.png'/></button><button type='button' id='vpxRight' onclick='turnPage(2)' class='asText'><img alt='right button' src='/assets/courseware/v1/37f47577dcbcd2016ae60761c914b84f/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/right.png'/><button class='asText' id='vpxClose' onclick='closeAlbum()'><p style='color:white';>[X] Return to Thumbnails</p></button></div>"); //create the overlay. This is made to cover the avaliable space, and fixed so scrolling is ineffectual.
if(captions){ //only add sidebar if you want captions
$('#vpxOverlay').append("<div id='vpxSidebar'><p id='vpxVert' onclick='toggleSidebar()'><strong>Show Info</strong></p><p id='vpxData'>" + data[index+1] + "</p></div>");
}
bookmark = index
//need to make sure the sidebar is properly hidden with tab showing.
var right = Number($('#vpxSidebar').css('width').slice(0,-2)) - 40; //width of the sidebar minus the tab that needs to show (negative).
$('#vpxSidebar').css('right','-'+right+'px'); //pull it right offscreen by this much
var shift = (Number($('#vpxSidebar').css('height').slice(0,-2))-60)/2; //equation gotten by seeing what screen sizes needed what margin for the vertical text to show up right.
$('#vpxVert').css('margin-left','' + shift + 'px');
toggleSidebar();
}
window.onresize = function(){
if(!sidebarOpen){ //only change the sidebar shift if it's still closed.
var right = Number($('#vpxSidebar').css('width').slice(0,-2)) - 40; //width of the sidebar minus the tab that needs to show (negative).
$('#vpxSidebar').css('right','-'+right+'px'); //pull it right offscreen by this much
}
var shift = (Number($('#vpxSidebar').css('height').slice(0,-2))-60)/2; //equation gotten by seeing what screen sizes needed what margin for the vertical text to show up right.
$('#vpxVert').css('margin-left','' + shift + 'px');
}
function closeAlbum(){
$('#vpxOverlay').remove();
}
$(document).keyup(function(e) {
if (e.keyCode == 27) { // Esc
closeAlbum();
}
else if (e.keyCode == 39) {
turnPage(2);
}
else if (e.keyCode == 37) {
turnPage(-2);
}
});
function turnPage(direction){
bookmark += direction; //left calls this with -2, right calls it with +2
if(bookmark===-2){ //check if we're wrapping around the back of the album
bookmark = data.length - 2; //get to last item in data
}
if(bookmark===data.length){ //check if we're at the end and wrapping around to the front
bookmark = 0; //go back to the first item in data
}
$('#vpxImage').attr('src',data[bookmark]);
$('#vpxData').empty().append(data[bookmark+1]);
}
function toggleSidebar(){
if(sidebarOpen){ //if the sidebar is currently open
var right = Number($('#vpxSidebar').css('width').slice(0,-2)) - 40; //width of the sidebar minus the tab that needs to show (negative).
$('#vpxSidebar').animate({'right':'-' + right + 'px'},function(){
sidebarOpen = false;
$('#vpxVert').empty().append('<button type="button" class="asText"><strong>Show Info</strong></button>');
$('#vpxImage').css('max-height','100%');
});
}
else{ //if the sidebar is closed.
$('#vpxSidebar').animate({'right':'0px'},function(){
sidebarOpen = true;
$('#vpxVert').empty().append('<button type="button" class="asText"><strong>Hide Info</strong></button>');
$('#vpxImage').css('max-height','70%');
});
}
}
// ]]></script>
</p>
<h3>Civilization and Barbarism Collective Gallery</h3>
<style><!--
#vpxMain{
font-family:'open sans';
font-size:12pt;
}
#vpxOverlay{
position:fixed;
width:100%;
height:100%;
background:url('/assets/courseware/v1/6f040fbb4f806379997b7068fda1fe78/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/overlay.png') repeat;
top:0;
left:0;
z-index:999;
}
#vpxImage{
display:block;
margin:auto;
max-width:88%;
max-height:100%;
}
#vpxLeft{
position:absolute;
display:block;
top:45%;
left:10px;
width:60px;
height:auto;
cursor:pointer;
}
#vpxRight{
position:absolute;
display:block;
top:45%;
right:10px;
width:60px;
height:auto;
cursor:pointer;
}
#vpxClose{
position:absolute;
top:5px;
right:5px;
margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;
color:white;
font-family:'open sans';
cursor:pointer;
}
#vpxSidebar{
position:absolute;
bottom:0px;
width:100%;
height:30%;
border-bottom-left-radius:10px;
border-top-left-radius:10px;
background-color:#E2E2E2;
}
#vpxVert{
position:relative;
display:inline-block;
float:left;
height:100%;
margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;
transform:rotate(270deg);
-ms-transform:rotate(270deg); /* IE 9 */
-webkit-transform:rotate(270deg); /* Opera, Chrome, and Safari */
cursor:pointer;
}
#vpxData{
position:absolute;
left:40px;
right:40px;
height:90%;
overflow:auto;
}
.asText {
background:none;
border:none;
margin:0;
padding:0;
}
--></style>
<div id="vpxMain" style="overflow: hidden;">
<table style="width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><img href="#" tabindex="0" onclick="album(data,0)" style="cursor: pointer;" alt="click through icon" src="/assets/courseware/v1/e051130f7bc07daa88e3abe5deef8d95/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb01-026_puck_1902_de_1b447.jpg" /></td>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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<tr>
<td><img href="#" tabindex="0" onclick="album(data,42)" style="cursor: pointer;" alt="click through icon" src="/assets/courseware/v1/ea559b2f60c1d3aa9cab5be92d9fcb19/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb36-022_puck_1899_18_1b4a6.jpg" /></td>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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