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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Reference Summary</h2>
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<h3> <b> Chemical Formula </b> </h3>
<p> Each C, H, and O atom is counted. For example...</p>
<img src='/assets/courseware/v1/f23f604051c3524863792aa6bf70b599/asset-v1:OCW+Pre-7.01+1T2020+type@asset+block/a0.png' alt="C 4 H 9 O H">
<br /> <br />
<h3> <b> Full structure </b> </h3>
<p> All atoms and bonds are shown. For example...</p>
<img src='/assets/courseware/v1/367c616b6a3d11f93719619ebf0a0849/asset-v1:OCW+Pre-7.01+1T2020+type@asset+block/a1.png' alt="Butane is represnted as a linear chain of four C's that are connected by dashes. Each dash represents a covalent bond. Each C has an H above it and below it, each of which is connected to the appropriate C by a dash. The C at the leftmost end of the chain has an additional H connected by a dash to its left. The C at the rightmost end of the chain is connected by a dash to an O that is in turn connected by a dash to an H. ">
<br /> <br />
<h3> <b> Line-angle structure </b> </h3>
<p> Below is <b>butane</b>. Carbons are at the corners or ends, and hydrogens are not shown. </p>
<img src='/assets/courseware/v1/1fff6f4c147a391f77d6b6696ad64c49/asset-v1:OCW+Pre-7.01+1T2020+type@asset+block/a2.png' alt="Butane is represented as a zig-zag line with 3 obtuse angles with an O H group at the right end of the line. smiles forward">
<br /> <br />
<p> The locations of the carbons are shown below with blue dots.</p>
<img src='/assets/courseware/v1/f09507395c18088470cbc22bdb3d8b5b/asset-v1:OCW+Pre-7.01+1T2020+type@asset+block/a3.png' alt="Again, butane is represented as a zig-zag line with 3 obtuse angles with an O H group at the right end of the line. Additionally, there are blue dots at the leftmost end of the line and at all three verticies at the angles.">
<br /> <br />
<p> Now, the locations of the hydrogens are shown below with red dots. <br /> <em> Because C has a valency of FOUR (meaning that each C makes four bonds), you can figure out location of H atoms. </em></p>
<img src='/assets/courseware/v1/dec42fddba932f980116caab96cd4238/asset-v1:OCW+Pre-7.01+1T2020+type@asset+block/a4.png' alt="Again, butane is represented as a zig-zag line with 3 obtuse angles with an O H group at the right end of the line. Additionally, there are blue dots at the leftmost end of the line and at all three verticies at the angles. There are two red dots at the periphery of of the blue dots at a vertex. There are three red dots at the periphery of the blue dot at the leftmost end of the line.">
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Exercise 1 (Acetic Acid)</h2>
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Acetic Acid: Chemical Formula
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<p>Give the chemical formula of acetic acid. (Enter answers as an integer.)</p>
<p> How many C's? </p>
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<p> How many H's? </p>
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<p> How many O's? </p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Exercise 2 (Serine)</h2>
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Serine: Chemical Formula
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<p>Give the chemical formula of serine. (Enter answers as an integer.)</p>
<p> How many C's? </p>
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<p> How many H's? </p>
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<p> How many N's? </p>
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<p> How many O's? </p>
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