<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-graded="False" data-request-token="5906d7cca29a11ef8fa716ffea5863df" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-version="1" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@vertical+block@7e233e957d2a404a88ae229f933e4b7d" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019" data-block-type="vertical">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Course To-Go</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@html+block@a3c743830e4f4be0828f230eb6a1d20b">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-graded="False" data-request-token="5906d7cca29a11ef8fa716ffea5863df" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-version="1" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@html+block@a3c743830e4f4be0828f230eb6a1d20b" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019" data-block-type="html">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<p>One of our goals as a course staff is to make our content as useable and shareable as possible. We want you to be able to share videos and do activities with colleagues. We hope the material in this course will be something you return to in the future as you continue to explore innovation in schools and specifically, competency-based education. We have created a minimally-formatted version of the course in a Google Doc; this will make it easier for you cut and paste text, etc. </p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1MsdGP4hieZAn0C6tFU3j757rtvp7fI4oooklCvheErM/edit#" target="_blank"><b>Competency-Based Education: The Why, What, and How — Course To-Go</b></a><br />In the Google Doc, click "File" and then select either "Download as" or "Make a Copy..."</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-graded="False" data-request-token="5906d7cca29a11ef8fa716ffea5863df" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-version="1" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@vertical+block@162d6273cb61475493f3d0dcc3ed700b" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019" data-block-type="vertical">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Handouts</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@html+block@2117aecc0db34c499f60432e3ce3f8e2">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-graded="False" data-request-token="5906d7cca29a11ef8fa716ffea5863df" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-version="1" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@html+block@2117aecc0db34c499f60432e3ce3f8e2" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019" data-block-type="html">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<p>There are a few common questions that come up frequently with educators are learning about competency-based education. We created a series of handouts to address these questions. We encourage you to download them for future reference and share them with colleagues.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="/assets/courseware/v1/038abeaea0a5478ebf3ad525d2e2269e/asset-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@asset+block/WhatisCBE.pdf" target="_blank">What is competency-based education? Handout</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="/assets/courseware/v1/83472b164ddad79f5bf9c04ab77201fb/asset-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@asset+block/GradingSystem_Handout.pdf" target="_blank">Do you have to change your grading system with CBE? Handout</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="/assets/courseware/v1/849cf2e3b92bafb76691a922f33a9d73/asset-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@asset+block/SupportLearners_Handout.pdf" target="_blank">How can CBE support learners moving at different speeds? Handout</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="/assets/courseware/v1/07205c2846830bf1ccd34917f4481813/asset-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@asset+block/TeachingLearning_Handout.pdf" target="_blank">Does CBE change teaching and learning? Handout</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-graded="False" data-request-token="5906d7cca29a11ef8fa716ffea5863df" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-version="1" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@vertical+block@d639555b748b4bf9a20b0caf9aa2c28e" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019" data-block-type="vertical">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Course Links & Resources</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@html+block@91a63179b3724d34b678e2af9cdb9bd1">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-graded="False" data-request-token="5906d7cca29a11ef8fa716ffea5863df" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-version="1" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@html+block@91a63179b3724d34b678e2af9cdb9bd1" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019" data-block-type="html">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<h3>Facilitator's Guide</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="/assets/courseware/v1/2957c4a09f361279bfd8de5465ed7cc0/asset-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@asset+block/CBE_FacGuide.pdf" target="_blank">Facilitator's Guide</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>From Our Featured Schools</h3>
<h4>Montpelier High School</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B1yu-FH4rIeqWkFndmxUYVM3WlQ4dlBvMlNkTUNqM1JPNHln/view" target="_blank">Personalized and Proficiency Based Learning</a> (communication piece sent to families)</li>
<li><a href="https://mpslearningexpectations.weebly.com/" target="_blank">Learning Expectations/Transferable Skills Interactive Graphic</a></li>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gRjKZkRZNUrVDDkkcIlMzr-JJsg103SMQm4maJClYLE/edit" target="_blank">More Montpelier Links and Resources</a> </li>
</ul>
<h4>Crosstown High </h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.crosstownhigh.org/" target="_blank">Crosstown High website</a></li>
<li><span style="color: #ff0000;"><a href="/assets/courseware/v1/5cd54d774e85dc7b2791a4a372a0d0ec/asset-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@asset+block/Crosstown_High_Competencies___Practitioner_Guide_2018-19.pdf" target="_blank">Crosstown High Competencies | Practitioner Guide 2018-19</a> <span style="color: #000000;">(created by reDesign)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #ff0000;"><a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1E4C8nudVUFCHLMxnQm-qXsP7JxHNvQ0zOCvwPfTVL98/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Competency Identification and Continua Development</a> </span>(created by reDesign, July 2018)</li>
</ul>
<h4>Noble High School</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1WW8UEN7HJ14FM_kLwo1OtJc3xvaqHay8EDZeym5p6PY/edit" target="_blank">Noble Grading System Document</a> (updated July 2015)</li>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/edit?hgd=1&id=1MWtLe2aCtxHPN7uDzvox8ZJbTcF0362CurV7Dq74uys" target="_blank">Noble 21st Century Learning Expectations</a></li>
<li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1YkaXt9KuLkKPjYmz0At7DMy9Sf_a0vRv5--VGtDb0Lc/edit" target="_blank">More Noble Links and Resources</a> </li>
</ul>
<h3>Example CBE Report Cards</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.mpsri.net/page.cfm?p=1600" target="_blank">Middletown Public Schools K-8, Middletown, Vermont, USA</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://www.norwichpublicschools.org/uploaded/documents/_dis/sbrc/sbrc_parent_handbook_2015-16.pdf" target="_blank">Norwich Public Schools, Norwich, Connecticut, USA</a></li>
<li><a href="http://competencyworks.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/110770540/SRHS%20Sample%20Report%20Card%20and%20Transcript.pdf" target="_blank">Sanborn Regional High School, Kingston, New Hampshire, USA</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>CBE Readiness Assessment Tools</h3>
<h4>K-12 Schools</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="/assets/courseware/v1/302f91b3bce18273ee2307dee5c79cc1/asset-v1:MITx+0.502x+1T2019+type@asset+block/Ohio_CBE_Pilot_Self-Assessment_Tool.pdf" target="_blank">Ohio’s Competency-Based Education Pilot Self-Assessment Tool</a>: This tool is meant for self-reflection to determine readiness and/or capacity to implement competency-based education. </li>
<li><a href="https://www.greatschoolspartnership.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/CO-Competency-Based-Learning-Self-Assessment.pdf" target="_blank">Colorado Competency-Based Learning Self-Assessment </a>(Great Schools Partnership): This tool is meant to be a self-assessment to help schools envision where they are on a continuum of CBE implementation, from "initiating" to "developing" to "performing," across several dimensions.</li>
<li><a href="http://digitalpromise.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/CBE-Framework-updated-2017.pdf" target="_blank">What Do Districts Think About When Implementing CBE?</a> (Education Elements): This isn’t a rubric; instead it is meant to be a list of things to consider. </li>
</ul>
<h4>Higher Education</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cbenetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/1st_button_CBE17016__Quality_Framework_Update.pdf" target="_blank">Quality Framework for CBE Programs</a> (Competency-Based Education Network): In-depth look at eight elements of high quality competency-based education meant to provide guidance to institutions of higher education about CBE implementation. Learners can assess where their institution is in regards to each element.</li>
</ul>
<p></p>
<h3>Readings and More</h3>
<h4>Unit 0 Readings & More</h4>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 1em;">Great Schools Partnership. 2014. "<a href="https://www.edglossary.org/competency-based-learning/" target="_blank">Competency-Based Learning</a>." <em>The</em> <em>Glossary of Education Reform</em>, May 14. This glossary entry on competency-based education also includes discussion of the debate around it. These tools are licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</a> license.</span></li>
<li>iNACOL (the International Association for K-12 Online Learning)<span style="font-size: 1em;">. 2016. "</span><a href="https://www.inacol.org/news/what-is-competency-education/" target="_blank" style="font-size: 1em;">What Is Competency Education?</a>"<span style="font-size: 1em;"> New Learning Models, March 11. This article provides the organization's definition of what CBE is, how it improves personalized education for the student, and how it challenges fundamental elements of the traditional education model. iNACOL is pro-CBE. </span></li>
<li>iNACOL. May 2018. "<a href="https://www.inacol.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/2018-Snapshot-of-CBE-State-Policy-updated-5242018-jpg-2.jpg" target="_blank">A Snapshot of K-12 Competency Education State Policy Across the United States</a>." This graphic aims to track how states are enabling policies for competency-based education. iNACOL is pro-CBE.</li>
<li>Kamanetz. Anya. 2018. "<a href="https://www.npr.org/2018/11/16/657895964/the-future-of-learning-well-it-s-personal?utm_campaign=storyshare&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_medium=social" target="_blank">The Future of Learning? Well, It's Personal.</a>" <em>All Things Considered</em>, November 16. NPR. The concept of personalized learning is related to CBE. This article considers how different meanings associated with the term can lead to confusion.</li>
<li>Pace, Lillian. 2017. "<a href="https://knowledgeworks.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/cbe-versus-traditional-education.pdf" target="_blank">Traditional Education Versus Competency-Based Education</a>." KnowledgeWorks, June 5. This infographic provides a visual description that highlights some key differences between traditional learning environments and those found in a competency-based education environment. KnowledgeWorks is pro-CBE.</li>
<li>Vander Ark, Tom. 2018. "<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomvanderark/2018/05/21/show-what-you-know-the-shift-to-competency/#374eba451a5b" target="_blank">Show What You Know: The Shift To Competency</a>." <em>Forbes</em>, May 21. The author is the CEO of Getting Smart and he is pro-CBE. Here he places CBE practices in a wider context and shares ten elements the he views as essential.</li>
<li>Wan, Tony. 2017. "<a href="https://www.edsurge.com/news/2017-05-22-why-there-s-little-consistency-in-defining-competency-based-education" target="_blank">Why There’s Little Consistency in Defining Competency-Based Education</a>." <em style="font-size: 1em;">EdSurge</em><span style="font-size: 1em;">, May 22. </span></li>
</ul>
<h4>Unit 1 Readings & More</h4>
<ul>
<li>Barshay, Jill. 2018. "<a href="https://hechingerreport.org/documenting-maines-failure-to-implement-proficiency-based-education/" target="_blank">Documenting Maine’s Failure to Implement Proficiency-Based Education</a>." <em>The Hechinger Report</em>, Proof Points, October 22. <span style="color: #000000;">This article considers a 2018 report by EDC (Education Development Center) on the impact of CBE legislation in Maine, USA. </span></li>
<li>Digital Promise and Education Elements. Date unknown. <a href="https://digitalpromise.org/cbe_topic/" target="_blank">Competency-Based Education Toolkit</a>. Accessed January 23, 2019. This resource includes examples of how real schools have implemented many different aspects of CBE, with topics like support, staff, and schedules; curriculum and instruction; infrastructure and policy. Education Elements is pro-CBE. Explore as you see fit. </li>
<li>Maine Public. November 2017-July 2018. <a href="http://www.mainepublic.org/term/lessons-oak-hill#stream/0" target="_blank">Lessons from Oak Hill: Getting High Schoolers to Graduate in a New Era</a>. This audio series explores CBE implementation in one Maine school, highlighting both successes and challenges. </li>
<li>Schwartz, Katrina. 2014. "<a href="https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/35947/going-all-in-how-to-make-competency-based-learning-work" target="_blank">Going All In: How to Make Competency-Based Learning Work</a>." <em>Mindshift</em>, KQED, June 16. This article discusses some of the challenges educators in New Hampshire, USA were grappling with as they made a state-wide shift to CBE.</li>
<li>U.S. Department of Education. Date unknown. "<a href="https://www.ed.gov/oii-news/competency-based-learning-or-personalized-learning" target="_blank" style="font-size: 1em;">Competency-Based Education or Personalized Learning</a><span style="font-size: 1em;">." Accessed January 23, 2019. This provides a list of annotated links to state and district efforts, as well as additional resources. </span></li>
</ul>
<h4>Unit 2 Readings & More</h4>
<ul>
<li>Great Schools Partnership. Date unknown. <a href="https://www.greatschoolspartnership.org/proficiency-based-learning/grading-reporting/" target="_blank">Grading + Reporting</a> and <a href="https://www.greatschoolspartnership.org/proficiency-based-learning/assessment-verification/" target="_blank">Assessment + Verification</a>. Accessed January 30, 2019. Robust set of tools that communicate Great Schools Partnership’s approach to proficiency-based assessment, grading, and reporting, including examples from schools. Explore as you see fit. Great Schools Partnership advocates for systemic change in schools and they view CBE as playing a key role. Note: this resource is licensed under <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</a> license.</li>
<li>Mastery Collaborative. Date unknown. <a href="http://www.mcresources.org/wiki/curriculum-classroom-planning" target="_blank">Curriculum & Classroom Planning</a>. Accessed January 30, 2019. This wiki contains teacher-developed, classroom-level principles and techniques for creating and leading a CBE classroom. Mastery Collaborative, a program of the New York City Department of Education’s Office of Postsecondary Readiness, is pro-CBE. </li>
<li>Merrill, Stephen. 2019. "<a href="https://www.edutopia.org/article/allowing-test-retakes-without-getting-gamed" target="_blank">Allowing Test Retakes<span id="docs-internal-guid-8a8d031a-7fff-b8cb-1149-15e2e7eccad4"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">—</span></span>Without Getting Gamed</a>." <em>Assessment</em>,<em> </em>Edutopia, April 25. Strategies from the author and some teachers about how to use retakes to guide students toward mastery.</li>
<li>Neem, Johann N. Fall 2013. "<a href="https://www.aacu.org/publications-research/periodicals/experience-matters-why-competency-based-education-will-not-replace" target="_blank">Experience Matters: Why Competency-Based Education Will Not Replace Seat Time</a>." <em>Liberal Education </em>99 (4). Neem argues for the value in higher education of having a variety of in-class experiences and for general education over competencies.</li>
<li>Palma, Anthony. 2019. "<a href="https://www.edutopia.org/article/case-not-allowing-test-retakes" target="_blank">The Case for Not Allowing Test Retakes.</a>" <em>Assessment</em>, Edutopia, August 1. Palma describes the negative impacts he sees retakes having on student motivation and mental health, as well as on teacher effectiveness.</li>
</ul>
<h5>CBE and Equity</h5>
<ul style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">
<li>Krauss, Stephanie Malia. October 2017. “<a href="https://www.luminafoundation.org/files/resources/how-cbe-may-reduce-inequities-1.pdf" target="_blank">How Competency-Based Education May Help Reduce Our Nation’s Toughest Inequities.</a>” Lumina Issue Papers, Lumina Foundation. This report examines CBE programs in higher education as a way to eliminate economic inequities.</li>
<li>Sturgis, Chris and Katherine Casey. April 2018. "<a href="https://www.competencyworks.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/CWSummit-DesigningForEquity-29Mar2018.pdf" target="_blank">Designing for Equity: Leveraging Competency-Based Education to Ensure All Students Succeed.</a>" CompetencyWorks. This report looks at CBE through the lens of equity. </li>
<li>Vander Ark, Tom and Mary Ryerse. 2018. “<a href="https://www.gettingsmart.com/2018/12/scaling-competency-based-education-equity-focused-strategies-for-policy-and-practice/" target="_blank">Scaling Competency-Based Education: Equity-Focused Strategies for Policy and Practice.</a>” Getting Smart, December 6. The authors discuss five key areas to examine as CBE schools are focusing on equity with a leader from the XQ foundation and a principal at an XQ school in a 49 minute podcast.</li>
</ul>
<h5>Examples from Specific Schools</h5>
<ul>
<li>Edutopia. 2018. <a href="https://www.edutopia.org/video/demonstrations-learning" target="_blank" style="font-size: 1em;">Demonstrations of Learning</a><span style="font-size: 1em;">. Assessment, October 22. Educators and others at Kettle Moraine High School's (Wales, WI, USA) discuss student voice and choice and the variety of ways students demonstrate their learning.</span></li>
<li>Naugatuck Public Schools. Date unknown. <a href="https://sites.google.com/naugatuck.k12.ct.us/npscurriculum/home?authuser=0" target="_blank" style="font-size: 1em;">Naugatuck Public Schools, Competencies and Scoring Guides For K-12</a><span style="font-size: 1em;">. Accessed January 30, 2019. An example of a district’s (Naugatuck, CT, USA) competencies and scoring guides for every subject, broken down by grade, as well as a sample report card. An example of how a school’s competencies, assessments, and reporting all work/fit together.</span></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Partnership for Change. Date unknown. <a href="http://partnershipvt.org/progress-point/proficiency-based-learning-in-the-classroom/" target="_blank">Proficiency-Based Learning in the Classroom</a>. Accessed February 5, 2019. In this video, a Burlington High School (Burlington, VT, USA) chemistry teacher describes how she conducted a CBE experiment in her classroom for the last quarter of the school year, including creating proficiencies and tracking students, as well as some students' reactions to the change.</li>
<li>Rinkema, Emily. 2018. "<a href="https://cvulearnsblog.blogspot.com/2018/10/teaching-to-develop-skill-not-identify.html" target="_blank">Assessing to Develop Skill, Not Identify It</a>." <em>CVU Learns: One School’s Journey to Standards Based Learning</em>, October 29. This blog post, written by teacher educators at Champlain Valley Union High School (Hinesburg, VT, USA), explores the challenge of using CBE-style assessments to teach, rather than just evaluate. The authors are advocates of standards-based learning, which shares many traits with CBE.</li>
<li>Stack, Brian. 2015. "<a href="https://www.competencyworks.org/insights-into-implementation/assessing-work-study-practices-in-a-competency-education-school/" target="_blank">Assessing Work Study Practices in a Competency Education School</a>." CompetencyWorks, July 19. The principal of Sanborn Regional High School (Kingston, NH, USA), a school that is implementing CBE, describes how his school separated work habits from their academic grades, including their evolving assessment strategy for these work habits.</li>
</ul>
<h4>Unit 3 Readings & More</h4>
<ul>
<li>Digital Promise. Date unknown. “<a href="https://digitalpromise.org/cbe_subtopic/student-family-input/" target="_blank">Student/Family Input</a>.” Accessed February 4, 2019. Examples of how schools have thought about outreach to community and parent stakeholders. </li>
<li>Great Schools Partnership. Date unknown. <a href="https://www.greatschoolspartnership.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Building-Proficiency-Systems_Graphic_oct_2018.pdf" target="_blank">Building Proficiency Systems</a>. Accessed February 4, 2019. One model illustrating how schools might go about creating a CBE system, with four key steps and related tasks at both the administrative and classroom levels. Great Schools Partnership advocates for systemic change in schools and they view CBE as playing a key role. Note: this resource is licensed under <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</a> license.</li>
<li>Hollands, Fiona. 2016. "<a href="https://www.edsurge.com/news/2016-05-09-is-competency-based-education-worth-the-investment" target="_blank">Is Competency-Based Education Worth the Investment?</a>" <em>Digital Learning in Higher Ed</em>, EdSurge, May 9. This article raises questions about whether CBE in higher education is worthwhile for students, faculty, colleges and universities, and employers.</li>
<li>Krauss, Stephanie Malia. 2014. "<a href="https://www.competencyworks.org/reflections/why-my-competency-based-school-failed-and-how-it-can-help-yours-to-succeed/" target="_blank">Why My Competency-Based School Failed — And How It Can Help Yours to Succeed</a>.” CompetencyWorks, February 10. Reflections from the founder of Missouri’s first CBE school on why it failed. CompetencyWorks is pro-CBE. </li>
<li>Minero, Emelina. 2018. "<a href="https://www.edutopia.org/article/do-no-zero-policies-help-or-hurt-students" target="_blank">Do No-Zero Policies Help or Hurt Students?</a>" <em>Assessment</em>, Edutopia, July 3. This article captures some of the debate about one way schools may change their approach to grading when transitioning to CBE: adopting a no-zero policy.</li>
<li>Peters, Betsy. 2017. “<a href="https://www.newschools.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Competency-based-learning-State-of-the-U.S.-K-12-market.pdf" target="_blank">Competency-Based Learning: State of the K-12 US Market</a>.” New Schools Venture Fund, July 2017. A market survey that presents key CBE characteristics, information about US policy, barriers to adoption, the K-12 market in the US, and technology platforms. </li>
<li>Schwartz, Katrina. 2015. “<a href="https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/41061/steps-to-help-schools-transform-to-competency-based-learning" target="_blank">Steps to Help Schools Transform to Competency-Based Learning</a>.” <em>Mindshift</em>, KQED, July 9. This article describes strategies for CBE implementation using a systems-based approach.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Research, Reports, and Papers Around CBE</h3>
<ul>
<li>Bristow, Sara Frank and Susan Patrick. 2014. <em><a href="https://www.competencyworks.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/CW-An-International-Study-in-Competency-Education-Postcards-from-Abroad-October-2014.pdf" target="_blank">An International Study in Competency Education: Postcards from Abroad, International Association for K-12 Online Learning</a></em>. CompetencyWorks. This report looks at components of CBE implemented in several education systems and schools outside of the United States. CompetencyWorks is pro-CBE. Note: The report is licensed under at Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.</li>
<li>Friday Institute for Educational Innovation and North Carolina New Schools. 2015. <em><a href="https://s3.amazonaws.com/fi-communications/CBE+concept+paper+final.pdf" target="_blank">Competency-Based Education: A Conceptual Framework</a></em>. This provides an overview of factors that enable CBE implementation.</li>
<li>Getting Smart. 2018. <em><a href="https://xqsuperschool.org/competency-based-education-cbe/part1" target="_blank">Show What You Know: A Landscape Analysis of Competency-Based Education</a></em>. XQ Institute. This report, based on interviews, school visits and literature reviews, looks at the state of CBE in the U.S. and shares recommendations for action. XQ is pro-CBE.</li>
<li>Office of Planning, Evaluation and Policy Development: <span style="font-size: 1em;">Policy and Program Studies Service. January 2017. "</span><a href="https://www.sri.com/sites/default/files/publications/to13_competency-based-advancement.pdf" target="_blank" style="font-size: 1em;">Issue Brief: Competency-Based Advancement</a><span style="font-size: 1em;">." U.S. Department of Education. This brief looks at the prevalence of competency-based advancement as a strategy to prevent students from dropping out of high school. </span></li>
<li>Torres, Aubrey Scheopner et al. 2015 <em><a href="https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED558117.pdf" target="_blank">Competency-Based Learning Definitions, Policies, and Implementation</a></em>. EDC (Education Development Center). Researchers looked at policy and legislation related to CBE in the Northeastern U.S. and interviewed school administrators to gather data about how CBE is defined, how competencies were developed, and needed supports for implementation.</li>
</ul>
<h4>Mentioned in the "Research Around CBE" in Unit 1:</h4>
<ul>
<li>Haynes, Erin et al. 2016. <em><a href="https://www.air.org/resource/looking-under-hood-competency-based-education-relationship-between-competency-based" target="_blank">Looking Under the Hood of Competency-Based Education: The Relationship Between Competency-Based Education Practices and Students’ Learning Skills, Behaviors, and Dispositions</a></em>. Nellie Mae Education Foundation. The study included ten schools that had explicitly adopted CBE and eight schools that had not. </li>
<li>Pane, John F. et al. 2017. <em><a href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2042.html" target="_blank">Informing Progress: Insights on Personalized Learning Implementation and Effects</a></em>. RAND Corporation. This suggests that the schools included in the study that did the most implementation of personalized learning saw more positive effects regarding student achievement. </li>
<li>Steele, Jennifer et al. 2014. <em><a href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR732.html" target="_blank">Competency-Based Education in Three Pilot Programs: Examining Implementation and Outcomes</a></em>. RAND Corporation. One notable finding is that the pilot schools emphasized different aspects of CBE.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Additional Resources</h3>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Great Schools Partnership. 2013. <a href="https://www.edglossary.org/backward-design/" target="_blank">"Backwards Design</a></span><span style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.edglossary.org/backward-design/" target="_blank">."</a> </span><em style="line-height: 1.4em; color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">The</em><span style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><em style="line-height: 1.4em; color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Glossary of Education Reform</em><span style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">. Backwards design was cited by several teachers in our featured schools as a key part of their CBE strategy. This Edglossary entry contains a definition and links. </span></li>
<li><span style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">New Hampshire Department of Education. 2014. <a href="https://www.education.nh.gov/innovations/hs_redesign/competencies.htm" target="_blank">"State Model Competencies."</a> <em>New Hampshire Government. </em></span>This site provides model competencies developed by the US state of New Hampshire for English, Math, Science and Arts K-12, aligned with state Common Core Standards. </li>
</ul>
<h4>College Admissions and CBE </h4>
<ul>
<li>Blauth, Erika and Sarah Hadjian. April 2016. <a href="http://www.nebhe.org/info/pdf/policy/Policy_Spotlight_How_Colleges_Evaluate_PB_HS_Transcripts_April_2016.pdf" target="_blank">"How Selective Colleges and Universities Evaluate Proficiency-Based High School Transcripts: Insights for Students and Schools."</a> New England Board of Higher Education. <span style="color: #000000;">Policy spotlight resulting from a conversation among admissions leaders from highly selective colleges and universities in New England, US.</span></li>
<li>The New England Secondary Schools Consortium. No date. <a href="https://www.newenglandssc.org/resources/college-admissions/" target="_blank">"75 New England Institutions of Higher Education State that Proficiency-Based Diplomas Do Not Disadvantage Applicants."</a> Links to statements from the 75 higher education institutions.</li>
</ul>
<h4><span color="#313131" face="Open Sans, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Resources from Launching Innovation in Schools Course:</span></h4>
<p><span color="#313131" face="Open Sans, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Our Launching Innovation in Schools course (click <a href="https://www.edx.org/course/launching-innovation-schools-mitx-microsoft-education-11-154x-1" target="_blank">here</a> to access) discusses leadership and the creation of a shared vision in the service of school change - all of which might be useful for those considering CBE. As of February, 2019, this entire course is available for free via the edX archives- but we can’t guarantee that it always will be. Here are some other ways to access some of the material - organized by viewing time:</span></p>
<ul>
<li><span color="#313131" face="Open Sans, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong>5 minutes</strong>: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H442j7ymKHw" target="_blank">Video: Cycle of Experiment and Experience</a>: In this video, instructor Justin Reich shares ways that administrators and classroom teachers can work together to create a culture of innovation and growth.</span></li>
<li><span color="#313131" face="Open Sans, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong>Half an Hour: </strong><a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL69YeOR1vok_xtUOyIAmJybF3u06mbgl0" target="_blank">Playlist: Engaging Others for Change</a>: In this 5-video YouTube playlist, you’ll hear from MIT professors Justin Reich and Peter Senge, plus two featured schools as they talk about the why, what and how of creating a shared vision for change in schools.</span></li>
<li><span color="#313131" face="Open Sans, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong>More Time: </strong><a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL69YeOR1vok-6MV7OFMT1G8cINfhaaWMM" target="_blank">All 60 of the “Launching Innovation in Schools” videos</a> are available to view and share on the Teaching Systems Lab’s <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCfzVImQvNXI3Km8Hthzc7yg" target="_blank"> YouTube channel</a>.<br /></span></li>
</ul>
<p></p>
<p><span style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> </span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>