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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Problem set 4</h2>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Pset 4 problem checker</h2>
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<h3 class="hd hd-3 problem-header" id="ps4-1-check-problem-title" aria-describedby="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-1-check-problem-progress" tabindex="-1">
Problem 1
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<p>
To check your answers put them in the appropriate box and click the &#8216;Check' button. The checker can do arithmetic. So, 3^2, [mathjaxinline]5/3[/mathjaxinline] and [mathjaxinline]3*4[/mathjaxinline] are okay. </p>
<p>
Unless otherwise stated the checker expects numerical answers to 3 significant digits. </p>
<p>
For formulas you can use R notation. Remember to use a * for multiplication, i.e. [mathjaxinline]3*x[/mathjaxinline] <b class="bf">NOT </b> [mathjaxinline]3x[/mathjaxinline]. </p>
<p>
The checker knows many of the standard functions, e.g. use exp(x) and ln(x) for the exponential and natural log functions. </p>
<p>
The formula checker expects a specific letter for the variables, so be sure to use the ones specified. </p>
<p><b class="bf">1(a)</b> Using the variables <tt class="tt">x</tt> and <tt class="tt">lambda</tt>, give the formula for [mathjaxinline]P(X \geq x)[/mathjaxinline]. <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-1-check_2_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
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<div id="display_ps4-1-check_2_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
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</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p><b class="bf">1(b)</b> Use the variable <tt class="tt">lambda</tt> to give each of the values asked for </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]E[X][/mathjaxinline] = <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 2" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-1-check_3_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
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<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
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<div id="display_ps4-1-check_3_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-1-check_3_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-1-check_3_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]\text {Var}(X)[/mathjaxinline] = <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 3" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-1-check_4_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-1-check_4_1" id="input_ps4-1-check_4_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-1-check_4_1" value="" class="math" size="60"/>
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<div id="display_ps4-1-check_4_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-1-check_4_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-1-check_4_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]\sigma _ X[/mathjaxinline] = <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 4" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-1-check_5_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
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<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-1-check_5_1" id="input_ps4-1-check_5_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-1-check_5_1" value="" class="math" size="60"/>
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<div id="display_ps4-1-check_5_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-1-check_5_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-1-check_5_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p><b class="bf">1(c)</b> Using the variables <tt class="tt">t</tt> and <tt class="tt">lambda</tt>, give the formulas for the cdf [mathjaxinline]F_ T(t)[/mathjaxinline] and pdf [mathjaxinline]f_ T(t)[/mathjaxinline]. </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]F_ T(t) =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 5" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-1-check_6_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-1-check_6_1" id="input_ps4-1-check_6_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-1-check_6_1" value="" class="math" size="60"/>
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<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-1-check_6_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-1-check_6_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-1-check_6_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-1-check_6_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-1-check_6_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]f_ T(t) =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 6" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-1-check_7_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-1-check_7_1" id="input_ps4-1-check_7_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-1-check_7_1" value="" class="math" size="60"/>
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<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-1-check_7_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
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<div id="display_ps4-1-check_7_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-1-check_7_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-1-check_7_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p><b class="bf">1(d)</b> Give the expected time before one of the bulbs fails. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 7" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-1-check_8_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
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<div id="display_ps4-1-check_8_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
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</p>
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Problem 2
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<p>
For this problem give your estimates to 2 decimal places. </p>
<p><b class="bf">2(a)</b> Give the probability at least 52.5% prefer Alessandre. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-2-check_2_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
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</p>
<p><b class="bf">2(b)</b> Give the probability that less than 31% prefer Gabriel, Sarah or So Hee <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 2" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-2-check_3_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
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<h3 class="hd hd-3 problem-header" id="ps4-3-check-problem-title" aria-describedby="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-3-check-problem-progress" tabindex="-1">
Problem 3
</h3>
<div class="problem-progress" id="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-3-check-problem-progress"></div>
<div class="problem">
<div>
<p><b class="bf">3.</b> Give your estimate that the total rounding error exceeds 100 in absolute value. (Give the answer to 2 significant digits.) </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-3-check_2_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-3-check_2_1" id="input_ps4-3-check_2_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-3-check_2_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-3-check_2_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-3-check_2_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-3-check_2_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-3-check_2_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-3-check_2_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-3-check_2_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
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Problem 4a
</h3>
<div class="problem-progress" id="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-4a-check-problem-progress"></div>
<div class="problem">
<div>
<p><b class="bf">4(a)</b> Give the range of [mathjaxinline]X[/mathjaxinline] as an interval. You can use <tt class="tt">infty</tt> if one of the bounds is infinity. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-4a-check_2_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-4a-check_2_1" id="input_ps4-4a-check_2_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-4a-check_2_1" value="" class="math" size="70"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-4a-check_2_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-4a-check_2_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-4a-check_2_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-4a-check_2_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-4a-check_2_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-4a-check_2_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
<p>
Give the pdf [mathjaxinline]f_ X(x)[/mathjaxinline] for [mathjaxinline]X[/mathjaxinline]. Use the variable x in your answer. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 2" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-4a-check_3_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-4a-check_3_1" id="input_ps4-4a-check_3_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-4a-check_3_1" value="" class="math" size="70"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-4a-check_3_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-4a-check_3_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-4a-check_3_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-4a-check_3_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-4a-check_3_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-4a-check_3_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
<p>
Give the range of [mathjaxinline]Y[/mathjaxinline]: <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 3" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-4a-check_4_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-4a-check_4_1" id="input_ps4-4a-check_4_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-4a-check_4_1" value="" class="math" size="70"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-4a-check_4_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-4a-check_4_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-4a-check_4_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-4a-check_4_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-4a-check_4_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-4a-check_4_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
Give the pdf [mathjaxinline]f_ Y(y)[/mathjaxinline] for [mathjaxinline]Y[/mathjaxinline]. Use the variable y in your answer. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 4" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-4a-check_5_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-4a-check_5_1" id="input_ps4-4a-check_5_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-4a-check_5_1" value="" class="math" size="70"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-4a-check_5_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-4a-check_5_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-4a-check_5_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-4a-check_5_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-4a-check_5_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-4a-check_5_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
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aria-labelledby="ps4-4b-check-problem-title"
data-problem-id="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-4b-check" data-url="/courses/course-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer/xblock/block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-4b-check/handler/xmodule_handler"
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<h3 class="hd hd-3 problem-header" id="ps4-4b-check-problem-title" aria-describedby="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-4b-check-problem-progress" tabindex="-1">
Problem 4b
</h3>
<div class="problem-progress" id="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-4b-check-problem-progress"></div>
<div class="problem">
<div>
<p><b class="bf">4(b)</b> Give the range of [mathjaxinline]W[/mathjaxinline]. You can use the variables <tt class="tt">a</tt> and <tt class="tt">b</tt> in your answer. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-4b-check_2_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-4b-check_2_1" id="input_ps4-4b-check_2_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-4b-check_2_1" value="" class="math" size="70"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-4b-check_2_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-4b-check_2_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-4b-check_2_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-4b-check_2_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-4b-check_2_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-4b-check_2_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
<p>
Give the pdf [mathjaxinline]f_ W(w)[/mathjaxinline] of [mathjaxinline]W[/mathjaxinline]. Use the variables <tt class="tt">w</tt>, <tt class="tt">a</tt> and <tt class="tt">b</tt> in your answer. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 2" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-4b-check_3_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-4b-check_3_1" id="input_ps4-4b-check_3_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-4b-check_3_1" value="" class="math" size="70"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-4b-check_3_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-4b-check_3_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-4b-check_3_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-4b-check_3_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-4b-check_3_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-4b-check_3_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
</div>
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<input type="hidden" name="problem_id" value="Problem 4b" />
<div class="submit-attempt-container">
<button type="button" class="submit btn-brand" data-submitting="Submitting" data-value="Submit" data-should-enable-submit-button="True" aria-describedby="submission_feedback_ps4-4b-check" >
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</button>
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<span class="sr">Some problems have options such as save, reset, hints, or show answer. These options follow the Submit button.</span>
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<span class="sr">Loading…</span>
</p>
</div>
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<h3 class="hd hd-3 problem-header" id="ps4-4c-check-problem-title" aria-describedby="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-4c-check-problem-progress" tabindex="-1">
Problem 4c
</h3>
<div class="problem-progress" id="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-4c-check-problem-progress"></div>
<div class="problem">
<div>
<p><b class="bf">4(c)</b> Give the range of [mathjaxinline]V[/mathjaxinline]. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-4c-check_2_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-4c-check_2_1" id="input_ps4-4c-check_2_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-4c-check_2_1" value="" class="math" size="70"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-4c-check_2_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-4c-check_2_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-4c-check_2_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-4c-check_2_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-4c-check_2_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-4c-check_2_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
<p>
Give the pdf [mathjaxinline]f_ V(v)[/mathjaxinline] of [mathjaxinline]V[/mathjaxinline]. Use the variable <tt class="tt">v</tt> in your answer. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 2" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-4c-check_3_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-4c-check_3_1" id="input_ps4-4c-check_3_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-4c-check_3_1" value="" class="math" size="70"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-4c-check_3_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-4c-check_3_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-4c-check_3_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-4c-check_3_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-4c-check_3_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-4c-check_3_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
</div>
<div class="action">
<input type="hidden" name="problem_id" value="Problem 4c" />
<div class="submit-attempt-container">
<button type="button" class="submit btn-brand" data-submitting="Submitting" data-value="Submit" data-should-enable-submit-button="True" aria-describedby="submission_feedback_ps4-4c-check" >
<span class="submit-label">Submit</span>
</button>
<div class="submission-feedback" id="submission_feedback_ps4-4c-check">
<span class="sr">Some problems have options such as save, reset, hints, or show answer. These options follow the Submit button.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="problem-action-buttons-wrapper">
<span class="problem-action-button-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="save problem-action-btn btn-default btn-small" data-value="Save">
<span class="icon fa fa-floppy-o" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span aria-hidden="true">Save</span>
<span class="sr">Save your answer</span>
</button>
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification warning notification-gentle-alert
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
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tabindex="-1">
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<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification general notification-show-answer
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-info-circle" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="ps4-4c-check-problem-title">Answers are displayed within the problem
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</div>
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"
data-graded="False">
<p class="loading-spinner">
<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-2x fa-fw"></i>
<span class="sr">Loading…</span>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-6" data-id="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-5a-check">
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aria-labelledby="ps4-5a-check-problem-title"
data-problem-id="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-5a-check" data-url="/courses/course-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer/xblock/block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-5a-check/handler/xmodule_handler"
data-problem-score="0"
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<h3 class="hd hd-3 problem-header" id="ps4-5a-check-problem-title" aria-describedby="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-5a-check-problem-progress" tabindex="-1">
Problem 5a
</h3>
<div class="problem-progress" id="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-5a-check-problem-progress"></div>
<div class="problem">
<div>
<p><b class="bf">5(a)</b> Note: The checker will not check units. It expects your numerical values to be in the correct units. On your paper, don't forget that you need to give the units explicitly. </p>
<p>
Give each of the following. </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]E[X] =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5a-check_2_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-5a-check_2_1" id="input_ps4-5a-check_2_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-5a-check_2_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-5a-check_2_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-5a-check_2_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-5a-check_2_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-5a-check_2_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-5a-check_2_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-5a-check_2_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]\text {Var}(X) =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 2" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5a-check_3_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-5a-check_3_1" id="input_ps4-5a-check_3_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-5a-check_3_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-5a-check_3_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-5a-check_3_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-5a-check_3_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-5a-check_3_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-5a-check_3_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-5a-check_3_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]\sigma _ X =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 3" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5a-check_4_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-5a-check_4_1" id="input_ps4-5a-check_4_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-5a-check_4_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-5a-check_4_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-5a-check_4_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-5a-check_4_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-5a-check_4_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-5a-check_4_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-5a-check_4_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]E[Y] =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 4" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5a-check_5_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-5a-check_5_1" id="input_ps4-5a-check_5_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-5a-check_5_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-5a-check_5_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-5a-check_5_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-5a-check_5_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-5a-check_5_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-5a-check_5_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-5a-check_5_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]\text {Var}(Y) =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 5" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5a-check_6_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-5a-check_6_1" id="input_ps4-5a-check_6_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-5a-check_6_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-5a-check_6_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-5a-check_6_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-5a-check_6_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-5a-check_6_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-5a-check_6_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-5a-check_6_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]\sigma _ Y =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 6" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5a-check_7_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-5a-check_7_1" id="input_ps4-5a-check_7_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-5a-check_7_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-5a-check_7_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-5a-check_7_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-5a-check_7_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-5a-check_7_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-5a-check_7_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-5a-check_7_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
For [mathjaxinline]W[/mathjaxinline], you can use the variables <tt class="tt">a</tt>, <tt class="tt">b</tt> in your answers. </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]E[W] =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 7" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5a-check_8_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-5a-check_8_1" id="input_ps4-5a-check_8_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-5a-check_8_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-5a-check_8_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-5a-check_8_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-5a-check_8_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-5a-check_8_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-5a-check_8_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-5a-check_8_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]\text {Var}(W) =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 8" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5a-check_9_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-5a-check_9_1" id="input_ps4-5a-check_9_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-5a-check_9_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-5a-check_9_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-5a-check_9_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-5a-check_9_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-5a-check_9_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-5a-check_9_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-5a-check_9_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]\sigma _ W =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 9" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5a-check_10_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
<div class="unanswered inline">
<input type="text" name="input_ps4-5a-check_10_1" id="input_ps4-5a-check_10_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-5a-check_10_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-5a-check_10_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-5a-check_10_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-5a-check_10_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-5a-check_10_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-5a-check_10_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-5a-check_10_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
</div>
<div class="action">
<input type="hidden" name="problem_id" value="Problem 5a" />
<div class="submit-attempt-container">
<button type="button" class="submit btn-brand" data-submitting="Submitting" data-value="Submit" data-should-enable-submit-button="True" aria-describedby="submission_feedback_ps4-5a-check" >
<span class="submit-label">Submit</span>
</button>
<div class="submission-feedback" id="submission_feedback_ps4-5a-check">
<span class="sr">Some problems have options such as save, reset, hints, or show answer. These options follow the Submit button.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="problem-action-buttons-wrapper">
<span class="problem-action-button-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="save problem-action-btn btn-default btn-small" data-value="Save">
<span class="icon fa fa-floppy-o" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span aria-hidden="true">Save</span>
<span class="sr">Save your answer</span>
</button>
</span>
</div>
</div>
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is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
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is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-save" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="ps4-5a-check-problem-title">None
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification general notification-show-answer
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-info-circle" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="ps4-5a-check-problem-title">Answers are displayed within the problem
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
"
data-graded="False">
<p class="loading-spinner">
<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-2x fa-fw"></i>
<span class="sr">Loading…</span>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-7" data-id="block-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@problem+block@ps4-5b-check">
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Problem 5b
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<p><b class="bf">5(b)</b> Give [mathjaxinline]E[V][/mathjaxinline]. In this case the checker expects an exact answer. </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]E[V] =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5b-check_2_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
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Problem 5c
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<p><b class="bf">5(c)</b> Give your answers to 3 significant digits. </p>
<p>
Median of [mathjaxinline]X =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5c-check_2_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
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<input type="text" name="input_ps4-5c-check_2_1" id="input_ps4-5c-check_2_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-5c-check_2_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
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</div></div> </p>
<p>
Median of [mathjaxinline]V =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 2" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-5c-check_3_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
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<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
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<div id="display_ps4-5c-check_3_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-5c-check_3_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-5c-check_3_1_dynamath"/>
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Problem 6
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<p>
Give your answers to 2 significant figures. The checker will understand scientific notation, e.g. 1.23e-4. </p>
<p><b class="bf">6(a)</b> Give the probability IQ is greater than 160. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-6-check_2_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
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<div id="display_ps4-6-check_2_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-6-check_2_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-6-check_2_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
<p><b class="bf">6(b)</b> Assuming a normal distribution, give the probability Modified_IQ is more than [mathjaxinline]4\sigma[/mathjaxinline] above the mean. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 2" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-6-check_3_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
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<input type="text" name="input_ps4-6-check_3_1" id="input_ps4-6-check_3_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-6-check_3_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
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<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-6-check_3_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
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<div id="display_ps4-6-check_3_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-6-check_3_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-6-check_3_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
<p><b class="bf">6(c)</b> Assuming a t-distribution, give the probability Modified_IQ is more than [mathjaxinline]4\sigma[/mathjaxinline] above the mean. </p>
<p>
<div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 3" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-6-check_4_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
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<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-6-check_4_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
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<div id="display_ps4-6-check_4_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-6-check_4_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-6-check_4_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div>
</p>
<p><b class="bf">6(d)</b> We'll just tell you that all 3 normal probabilities are less than [mathjaxinline]10^{-30}[/mathjaxinline]. So we'll accept the answer 0 &#8211;which is what R will tell you. </p>
<p>
Give the t-distribution probabilities: </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]P([/mathjaxinline]Modified_IQ [mathjaxinline]&gt; 20) =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 4" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-6-check_5_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
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<input type="text" name="input_ps4-6-check_5_1" id="input_ps4-6-check_5_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-6-check_5_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-6-check_5_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-6-check_5_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-6-check_5_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-6-check_5_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-6-check_5_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-6-check_5_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]P([/mathjaxinline]Modified_IQ [mathjaxinline]&gt; 40) =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 5" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-6-check_6_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
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<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-6-check_6_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
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<div id="display_ps4-6-check_6_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-6-check_6_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-6-check_6_1_dynamath"/>
</div>
</div></div> </p>
<p>
[mathjaxinline]P([/mathjaxinline]Modified_IQ [mathjaxinline]&gt; 200) =[/mathjaxinline] <div class="inline" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 6" role="group"><div id="inputtype_ps4-6-check_7_1" class="text-input-dynamath capa_inputtype inline textline">
<div class="text-input-dynamath_data inline" data-preprocessor="MJxPrep"/>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/12474df7814ecb7a9a4088614ed78d4c/asset-v1:MITx+18.05r_10+2022_Summer+type@asset+block/MJxPrep.js"/>
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<input type="text" name="input_ps4-6-check_7_1" id="input_ps4-6-check_7_1" aria-describedby="status_ps4-6-check_7_1" value="" class="math" size="50"/>
<span class="trailing_text" id="trailing_text_ps4-6-check_7_1"/>
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_ps4-6-check_7_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
<p id="answer_ps4-6-check_7_1" class="answer"/>
<div id="display_ps4-6-check_7_1" class="equation">`{::}`</div>
<textarea style="display:none" id="input_ps4-6-check_7_1_dynamath" name="input_ps4-6-check_7_1_dynamath"/>
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</div></div> </p>
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</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification warning notification-save
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-save" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="ps4-6-check-problem-title">None
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification general notification-show-answer
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-info-circle" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="ps4-6-check-problem-title">Answers are displayed within the problem
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
"
data-graded="False">
<p class="loading-spinner">
<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-2x fa-fw"></i>
<span class="sr">Loading…</span>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>