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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Map of Lecture 1</h2>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">This is it: the first lecture of 24.09x. Welcome!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">Today’s lecture has three main parts:</p>
<ul style="line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">
<ul>
<li>Introducing Philosophy: This is a philosophy course. But what does that mean?</li>
<ul>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019/jump_to_id/7fe4fddf945a49fabc129ac7ab6904de" target="_blank">What is Philosophy</a>: A quick answer to the question.</li>
<li><a href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019/jump_to_id/e50bb457dc1c4b67b4b2690a6b214f68" target="_blank">The Three Main Branches of Philosophy</a>: A rough breakdown into subdisciplines</li>
<li><a href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019/jump_to_id/c45ccc262b9d43b3a9b5ef09aabe44c5" target="_blank">The Value of Philosophy</a>: Bertrand Russell’s view on why philosophy is a worthwhile thing to do—I have liked Russell’s view ever since I was an undergraduate.</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019/jump_to_id/a4d7fe21977945eeadb888990920460b" target="_blank">Philosophy of Mind</a>: Though a philosophy course, 24.09x is not an introduction to philosophy in general; it is an introduction to the best part of philosophy: <em>philosophy of mind</em>. I tell you what that is here.</li>
<li>Outline of the Course: Wherein I tell you what we’ll be covering over the next 12 weeks.</li>
<ul>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019/jump_to_id/17381fced2f54bd6828d29c3fed03249" target="_blank">Outline of Part 1</a>: Minds and Computers</li>
<li><a href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019/jump_to_id/939920bd40704486a6d88c640e0c5d82" target="_blank">Outline of Part 2</a>: Theories of Mind, from Dualism to Functionalism</li>
<li><a href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019/jump_to_id/e9c421bb9da54c4a9bdf57ed58683616" target="_blank">Outline of Part 3</a>: Minds and Brains</li>
<li><a href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019/jump_to_id/7b300ff637c04cc28f5ba615750e24d8" target="_blank">Outline of Part 4</a>: Perception</li>
<li><a href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019/jump_to_id/52f3e37ffe544162a1b1f8eb6ab49b7d" target="_blank">Outline of Part 5</a>: Consciousness</li>
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<p></p>
<p>You can download the Lecture 1 slides <a href="/assets/courseware/v1/3d9923be4bc6d25fdcbce074a6f9ed6a/asset-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019+type@asset+block/24.09x_Lecture_1_Slides.pdf" target="_blank">here</a>.</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Introducing Philosophy: What is Philosophy?</h2>
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<h1>Introducing Philosophy</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">In the first part of the lecture, you’ll learn a bit about what philosophy is in general; by the end of this first part, you should have some idea of what the discipline is, and what I think is valuable about it.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">The video segments typically have an accompanying problem. <em>Do try them!</em> Many of the problems are straightforward, but some are tricky. Even though none of them counts towards your final score for this course, attempting the problem will improve your understanding of the material and so improve your performance on the exams. If you get the problem wrong, don’t worry—this is an opportunity to learn by thinking about <em>why</em> your answer is wrong.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">Grab a seat—lecture is about to start…</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Introducing Philosophy: The Three Main Branches of Philosophy</h2>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Introducing Philosophy: The Value of Philosophy</h2>
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<p>According to the British philosopher <a href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/russell/">Bertrand Russell</a>, one reason philosophy is valuable is that:</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Philosophy of Mind</h2>
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<h1>Philosophy of Mind</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">So that’s philosophy in general. This course is an introduction to a particular branch of philosophy: <em>philosophy of mind</em>. What’s that? You should know by the end of this unit.</p>
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<p>Here&#8217;s one fascinating question which falls under philosophy of mind: How do we know our own minds? For example, you believe that you are taking 24.09x; moreover, you know that you have this belief. <em>How</em> do you know that you believe that you are taking 24.09x? It&#8217;s hardly obvious what the answer is. (N.B. the question is not: how do you know you are <em>taking</em> 24.09x?&#8212;that question is not about your own mind and anyway doesn&#8217;t seem very hard to answer.) </p>
<p>We can&#8217;t cover everything in this course, and this will be one of the omissions. What branch of philosophy, other than philosophy of mind, does this question (principally) fall under?</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Outline of the Course: Outline of Part 1</h2>
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<h1>Outline of the Course</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">We are going to cover five main topics in this course. Each of the topics is closely related, and the work we do to understand the earlier topics will be important to the later topics. I’ll give you a taste of each of the five topics in the videos below.</p>
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Problem: Searle
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<p>The conclusion of John Searle&#8217;s Chinese Room argument is that:</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Outline of the Course: Outline of Part 2</h2>
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Problem: dualism
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Problem: philosophical orthodoxy
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<p> According to the &#8220;philosophical orthodoxy&#8221; to be explained and discussed in this part of the course:</p>
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Problem: Part 4
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Outline of the Course: Outline of Part 5</h2>
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<p><span style="line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">To give you a better sense of the problem of Part 5, let me tell you a bit about what we, in the philosophy business, call “zombies”…</span></p>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Video: Zombies</h3>
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Problem: zombies
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<legend id="72e04bc91d6942c3b7ef0858870f395d_2_1-legend" class="response-fieldset-legend field-group-hd">In the sense relevant to part 5 of the course, what are zombies?</legend>
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<p><span style="line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">I hope I’ve whetted your appetite. See you in the next lecture, when we’ll start discussing the question of Part 1: can computers think? In the meantime, please read </span>John Searle’s “<a href="/assets/courseware/v1/3e5f68afe24add5d2057014be49384a4/asset-v1:MITx+24.09x+3T2019+type@asset+block/1_searle_mind_s_brain_a_computer_program__.pdf" target="_blank">Is the Brain's Mind a Computer Program?</a>”. </p>
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