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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Shore Life in the Eyes of the Americans</h2>
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<h3>Shore Life in the Eyes of the Americans</h3>
<p>Today we will look at shore life in Shimoda after Perry’s fleet decamped there in the spring of 1854. We will first consider a solemn moment of cultural encounter: the funerals of four members of Perry’s crew who died while in Japan. Then, we will turn to some lighthearted encounters that elicited curiosity, humor, exaggeration, and occasional tension and umbrage.</p>
<p>Let us begin with Professor Dower’s discussion of the American landing in Shimoda and the story of the American graveyard.</p>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Lecture 2.11: Shimoda Graveyard</h3>
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<p>Click “Next” below to complete a visual assessment related to the funeral of the first American sailor to die in Japan, Private Robert Williams.</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Archive Visit - Shimoda</h2>
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<h3>See the American Graveyard</h3>
<p><span style="font-size: 15.5555562973022px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px;">If you‘re interested, watch this short video clip that takes us to the American graveyard as it exists today. Professor Miyagawa meets with the abbot of Ryōsenji Temple, who shows us some of the original materials used in this module.</span></p>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Archive Visit - Ryosenji Temple in Shimoda</h3>
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<h3>Public Bathing</h3>
<p>Not everything that happened to Perry‘s crew in Shimoda was so solemn. Listen to Professor Dower discuss another moment of culture clash—and remind us that such clashes usually go two ways.</p>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Lecture 2.12: Public Bathing</h3>
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Public Bath Scene from Perry Narrative: Multiple Choice
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<legend id="db07d5c749544e1386d96308d251a17c_2_1-legend" class="response-fieldset-legend field-group-hd">The spectacle of mixed bathing in public bathhouses outraged Perry&#8217;s officers, and Heine&#8217;s rendering of this scene&#8212;removed from later editions of the Narrative&#8212;reinforced the belief among many Americans that the Japanese were a heathen and immoral people. Yet, what behavior common in the U.S. led some Japanese observers to reach the same conclusion about American immorality?</legend>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">“Black Ship Scroll,” Perry‘s & Adams‘ Sons</h2>
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<h3>The Famous “Black Ship Scroll”</h3>
<p>Finally, listen to Professor Dower discuss a particularly magnificent document from Shimoda—a long scroll that contains a number of humorous scenes. (Reverend Matsui introduced this scroll in the “Visit to Shimoda” video.) After listening to his introduction, watch his discussion of five selected scenes. We will delve into those scenes in the following exercises, available on the next page.</p>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Lecture 2.13: Shimoda Scroll I</h3>
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<h3>Depicting Perry‘s and Adams‘ Sons</h3>
<p>In Lecture 2.14: “Shimoda Scroll II,” Professor Dower refers to the picture at about 4:56 onwards as “Perry‘s Son.” The image is of Adams’ son. Both children were similarly depicted. To compare these various images of Adams and Perry, please refer to the Visualizing Cultures website <a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai/bss_essay02.html" target="[object Object]">here</a>.</p>
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<p></p>
An 1854 painting of Oliver Perry alone portrays him not only as clean-shaven, but looking remarkably like a delicate and romantic Japanese youth. </figcaption></figure>
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<figure><a href="/assets/courseware/v1/ff94050eff80995faba27c30a427d316/asset-v1:MITx+VJx+3T2018+type@asset+block/51_032_bsscroll_AdamsSon.jpg" class="modal-content"><img src="/assets/courseware/v1/ff94050eff80995faba27c30a427d316/asset-v1:MITx+VJx+3T2018+type@asset+block/51_032_bsscroll_AdamsSon.jpg" alt="Text: “This youth is extremely beautiful. His complexion is white, around his eyes is pink, his mouth is small, and his lips are red. His body, hands, and feet are slightly plump, and his features are rather feminine. He is intelligent by nature, dutiful to his parents, and has a taste for the martial arts. He likes scholarship, composes and recites poems and songs, and reads books three lines at a glance. His power exceeds three men, and his shooting ability is exceptional....”" /></a> <figcaption>
<p></p>
Portrait of Commander Henry A. Adams’ son from the “Black Ship Scroll.” A translated excerpt from the text around the image says: <em>“This youth is extremely beautiful. His complexion is white, around his eyes is pink, his mouth is small, and his lips are red. His body, hands, and feet are slightly plump, and his features are rather feminine. He is intelligent by nature, dutiful to his parents, and has a taste for the martial arts. He likes scholarship, composes and recites poems and songs, and reads books three lines at a glance. His power exceeds three men, and his shooting ability is exceptional....”</em> </figcaption></figure>
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<figure><a href="/assets/courseware/v1/7b9c1ae5bf9773d4b942fdcc943d361d/asset-v1:MITx+VJx+3T2018+type@asset+block/30_039i_Perry_Son.jpg" class="modal-content"><img src="/assets/courseware/v1/7b9c1ae5bf9773d4b942fdcc943d361d/asset-v1:MITx+VJx+3T2018+type@asset+block/30_039i_Perry_Son.jpg" alt="In another print, Perry is paired with his young son (named after Perry’s famous brother Oliver), who accompanied him to Japan—here sporting a trim mustache like his father, but lacking his father’s goatee." /></a> <figcaption>
<p></p>
Perry is paired with his young son who accompanied him to Japan. Named after Perry’s famous brother Oliver, he’s depicted sporting a trim mustache like his father, but lacking his father's goatee. </figcaption></figure>
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<p><span face="Open Sans, Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif" style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;">Image Credits:</span></p>
<p><span face="Open Sans, Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif" style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;">Image 1: Unknown Japanese artist. Portrait of Perry’s Son Oliver. ca. 1854. Ink and color on paper. Ryosenji Treasure Museum. </span><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/" target="[object Object]" style="color: #0079bc; font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; text-decoration: none; -webkit-transition: all 0.1s linear 0s; transition: all 0.1s linear 0s;">CC BY NC SA</a><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;">.</span><span face="Open Sans, Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif" style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;"> [<a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai/gallery/pages/30_037i_Perry_Son.htm" target="_blank">30_037i_Perry_Son</a>] </span></p>
<p><span face="Open Sans, Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif" style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;">Image 2: Unknown Japanese artist. Portrait of Adams’ son from the Black Ship Scroll, 1854. Hand scroll. Honolulu Academy of Arts. </span><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/" target="[object Object]" style="color: #0079bc; font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; text-decoration: none; -webkit-transition: all 0.1s linear 0s; transition: all 0.1s linear 0s;">CC BY NC SA</a><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;">.</span><span face="Open Sans, Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif" style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;"> [<a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai/gallery/pages/51_032_bsscroll_AdamsSon.htm" target="_blank">51_032_bsscroll_AdamsSon</a>]</span></p>
<p><span face="Open Sans, Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif" style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;">Image 3: Unknown Japanese artist. Perry and Son, woodblock print. </span><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;"><span face="Open Sans, Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif" style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;">1854. Ryosenji Treasure Museum. </span><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/" target="[object Object]" style="color: #0079bc; font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; text-decoration: none; -webkit-transition: all 0.1s linear 0s; transition: all 0.1s linear 0s;">CC BY NC SA</a><span>. </span><span face="Open Sans, Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif" style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif, sans-serif;">[<a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai/gallery/pages/30_039i_Perry_Son.htm" target="_blank">30_039i_Perry_Son</a>]</span></span></p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Looking at Scenes from the “Black Ship Scroll”</h2>
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<h3>Looking at Scenes from the “Black Ship Scroll”</h3>
<p>The “Black Ship Scroll” is a 30-foot-long <em>emaki</em> or horizontal scroll, painted by one or more anonymous artists. In addition to a variety of fanciful portraits of Perry and other Americans that range from the benign to the demonic, the scroll also includes vignettes of activities by crew members who came ashore at the newly-opened port town of Shimoda in 1854. Some of the scenes, particularly those involving informal interactions between the Americans and the Japanese locals, are infused with charm and humor—suggesting considerable “grass-roots” curiosity and good will on the part of ordinary Japanese who came in contact with these unexpected intruders. There are known to be at least five variations of this hand-painted Shimoda scroll.</p>
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<p><a href="#" tabindex="0" onclick="album(data)" style="cursor: pointer;"><img alt='preview of black ship scroll images; click here to view larger images' src="/assets/courseware/v1/39b5758b76f8d67ad6c2c7e75e82fc85/asset-v1:MITx+VJx+3T2018+type@asset+block/BSSpreview.png" /><br>Click here </a> to take a look at the five scenes Professor Dower discussed, and answer the questions that follow.</p>
<p>All images from: <em>Black Ship Scroll</em>. 1854. Hand scroll. Honolulu Academy of Arts. <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/" target="[object Object]">CC BY NC SA</a>. [<a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai/gallery/pages/51_020_bsscroll_dancing.htm" target="[object Object]">51_020</a>] [<a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai/gallery/pages/51_028_bsscroll_hulling.htm" target="[object Object]">51_028</a>] [<a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai/gallery/pages/51_027_bsscroll_hairoil.htm" target="[object Object]">51_027</a>] [<a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai/gallery/pages/51_026_bsscroll_geisha.htm" target="[object Object]">51_026</a>] [<a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai/gallery/pages/51_032_bsscroll_AdamsSon.htm" target="[object Object]">51_032</a>]</p>
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<h3 class="poll-header">Poll 3.1</h3>
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<legend class="poll-question">
<p>What features in these images suggest that they are accurate depictions of encounters between Japanese commoners and American sailors? Select the feature you find most persuasive, then compare your answer to your fellow students’ responses.</p>
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<input type="radio" name="choice" id="poll-f43cd13b1e3448228a8b59535ab7dd90-answer-R" value="R"
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<label class="poll-answer-text" for="poll-f43cd13b1e3448228a8b59535ab7dd90-answer-R"><p>The extensive annotation, suggesting careful observation</p></label>
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<label class="poll-answer-text" for="poll-f43cd13b1e3448228a8b59535ab7dd90-answer-B"><p>The choice of humorous, everyday scenes rather than more formal and official settings and occasions</p></label>
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<label class="poll-answer-text" for="poll-f43cd13b1e3448228a8b59535ab7dd90-answer-O"><p>None of the images seem very accurate</p></label>
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<span>Thank you.</span>
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<h3>Explore the Full Scroll & Scenes in Detail (Optional)</h3>
<p>If you wish, you can explore the “Black Ship Scroll” in detail (the Visualizing Cultures website will open in a new browser window).</p>
<p><strong><a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai_02/bss_scroll_03b.html" target="_blank" style="font-size: 1em;">Click here</a></strong> to watch the complete scroll unfold.</p>
<p><strong><a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/black_ships_and_samurai_02/bss_scroll_01b.html" target="_blank" style="font-size: 1em;">Click here</a></strong> to watch explanatory videos for each scene.</p>
<p></p>
<p><img src="/assets/courseware/v1/e79468de5004303d9b09f9a1485bac48/asset-v1:MITx+VJx+3T2018+type@asset+block/BSS_menu.jpg" alt="Black Ship Scroll preview" /></p>
</div>
</div>
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<p>In our next lesson, we will follow Perry to Hakodate, the second port opened to American sailors.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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