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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Introduction to Day 8</h2>
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<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Today, we will be examining a couple of graphics that critically interrogate what "heathen" really means and who it might refer to. Within the United States, the turn of the twentieth century was a moment marked by racial violence and the rise of nativist movements. How would an outsider consider and evaluate American culture at the time.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">These are all the images that we will be working. Take a look, and move on to the videos and exercises.</span></p>
<p><strong style="text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; vertical-align: baseline;">Warning on viewing historical images</strong><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">: Images from the past can be offensive to view. By showing certain images or discussing certain topics, we do not endorse the views or opinions they present, but seek to understand the past, even when it is difficult to look at in the present. This course does not reflect the views of MIT, MITx, EdX or Visualizing Cultures.</span></p>
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<h3>Image Gallery for Day 8</h3>
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<p>Image Credits (from left to right)</p>
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<p style="text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">"As the Heathen See Us -- A Meeting of the Chinese Foreign Missions Society." Signs: "Contributions received here to save the foreign devils" and "Help the Heathen" </em>Puck, November 21, 1900. Artist: John S. Pughe. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010651348/" target="[object Object]" style="text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background: transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; transition: color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; color: #009fe6;">view</a>]. [<a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb44-017_libc_1900_25475u_c.htm" target="[object Object]" style="text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background: transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; transition: color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; color: #009fe6;">cb44-017_libc_1900_25475u_c</a>]</p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Figure 25. “Puck: Our ‘Civilized’ Heathen”</h2>
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<p>First, look carefully at this cartoon. What are the sequences from American life that are being critically depicted? Who are the American "heathens" here? Watch the video and then answer the question.</p>
<p><img href="#" tabindex="0" onclick="album(data,0)" alt="Uncle Sam donates money to a box labeled 'to save the heathen of the foreign lands', surrounded by images of Americans participating in pigeon shooting, boxing, cock fighting, turkey grabbing, and the lynching of African Americans. " src="/assets/courseware/v1/df6cabc91074cb8fd45f4b58a0165466/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb43-104_puck_1897_Sept8_Heathen_28734u_c_1500w.jpeg" width="60%" style="float: left; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" /></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Open Sans', Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><em style="text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">"Our 'Civilized' Heathen. And yet Uncle Sam is always giving money to 'save the Heathen.'" </em></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Puck, September 8, 1897. Artist: Samuel D. Ehrhart. Source: Library of Congress [</span><a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647612/" target="[object Object]" style="text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background: transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; transition: color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; color: #009fe6;">view</a><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">]. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">[</span><a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb43-104_puck_1897_s_2d756f.htm" target="[object Object]" style="text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background: transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; transition: color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; color: #009fe6;">cb43-104_puck_1897_Sept8_Heathen_28734u</a><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">]</span></p>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Video II-25: Figure 25 - “Puck: Our ‘Civilized’ Heathen”</h3>
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<legend id="1f4edc997c5c416692362b9786279662_2_1-legend" class="response-fieldset-legend field-group-hd">How did the lynching of African Americans fit into the anti-imperialist argument at the turn of the 20th century ?</legend>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Figure 26. “As the Heathen See Us—A Meeting of the Chinese Foreign Missions Society”</h2>
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<p>In a mockery of the American Foreign Missions Society, a major imperial player, this cartoon imagines what a meeting of the "Chinese Foreign Missions Society" might look like. Pay especial attention to the images of American violence that are shown. Watch the video and then answer the question below.</p>
<p><img src="/assets/courseware/v1/c1fac0e3d20cfb3b576f8946f569d9ed/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/cb44-017_libc_1900_25475u_c_1500w.jpeg" alt="Chinese men participating in a discussion in front of a sign labeled 'contributions received here to save the foreign devils' surrounded by images labeled the 'Kentucky Feuds,' 'New York City Government,' 'Anti-Chinese Riots,' 'Labor Riots,' and 'Burning Negroes at the Stake'" width="60%" style="float: left; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px;" /><em style="text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">"As the Heathen See Us -- A Meeting of the Chinese Foreign Missions Society." Signs: "Contributions received here to save the foreign devils" and "Help the Heathen" </em></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Puck, November 21, 1900. Artist: John S. Pughe. Source: Library of Congress [</span><a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010651348/" target="[object Object]" style="text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background: transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; transition: color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; color: #009fe6;">view</a><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">]. </span></p>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Video II-26: Figure 26 - “As the Heathen See Us—A Meeting of the Chinese Foreign Missions Society”</h3>
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<h4 class="hd hd-5">Transcripts</h4>
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<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@video+block@76b3401abf644e2c9e66e4cc69e9b7ac/handler/transcript/download" data-value="srt">Download SubRip (.srt) file</a>
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<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@video+block@76b3401abf644e2c9e66e4cc69e9b7ac/handler/transcript/download" data-value="txt">Download Text (.txt) file</a>
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<p>Look at and compare the images from today's lectures, then answer the following questions below. Click on each image to enlarge.</p>
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<p>Image 1</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px;"><a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb44-017_libc_1900_25475u_c.htm" target="[object Object]">Click here</a> to see a larger version of the first image. <em></em></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px;"><em>"As the Heathen See Us -- A Meeting of the Chinese Foreign Missions Society." Signs: "Contributions received here to save the foreign devils" and "Help the Heathen" </em>Puck, November 21, 1900. Artist: John S. Pughe. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010651348/" target="[object Object]">view</a>].</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px;"><a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/gallery/pages/cb43-104_puck_1897_s_2d756f.htm" target="[object Object]">Click here</a> to see a larger version of the second image. <em></em></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px;"><em>"Our 'Civilized' Heathen. And yet Uncle Sam is always giving money to 'save the Heathen.'" </em>Puck, September 8, 1897. Artist: Samuel D. Ehrhart. Source: Library of Congress [<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2012647612/" target="[object Object]">view</a>]. </p>
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Checkboxes
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<legend id="c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1-legend" class="response-fieldset-legend field-group-hd">As indicated by this cartoon, which of the following are &#8220;barbarian&#8221; facets of American society that might inspire the efforts of hypothetical Chinese missionaries to the United States? Check all that apply.</legend>
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<input type="checkbox" name="input_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1[]" id="input_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1_choice_0" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_0"/><label id="c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1-choice_0-label" for="input_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1_choice_0" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1"> Anti-Chinese riots
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<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1[]" id="input_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1_choice_4" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_4"/><label id="c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1-choice_4-label" for="input_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1_choice_4" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1"> Labor unrest
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<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1[]" id="input_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1_choice_5" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_5"/><label id="c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1-choice_5-label" for="input_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1_choice_5" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_c15489e59e744f7cbeb1e7283bcf2902_2_1"> Urban poverty
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"
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Visual Exercise: Do Unto Others</h2>
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<p>Finally, for today, study this cartoon carefully and answer the two questions below. Who are the figures represented and what are their expressions? Pay especial attention to the writing on the signs at the bottom of the image.</p>
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<p>Text in image:<br /> Boxer banner (Chinese forces flags): “Do not do unto others what you would not that others should do unto you. Confucius”<br /> Missionary banner (Allied forces flags): “Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you do ye even so to them. Jesus”</p>
<p><em>"Are our teachings, then, in vain?" </em><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Puck, October 3, 1900. Artist: Udo Keppler. Source: U.S. Library of Congress [</span><a>cb53-005_1900_puck_o_2d7573</a>] </p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Optional: Reading, Chapter 4. Bibles and Guns</h2>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Civilization & Barbarism, Chapter 4: Bibles and Guns</h3>
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<p><iframe title="CB Chapter 4: Bibles and Guns" src="/assets/courseware/v1/74018532185f3096f9a63457c8f932dc/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/CB_ch04.pdf" height="600px" width="100%" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" scrolling="no">
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<p>To download the PDF, <a class="media" href="/assets/courseware/v1/74018532185f3096f9a63457c8f932dc/asset-v1:MITx+VPx+1T2019+type@asset+block/CB_ch04.pdf">click here</a>.</p>
<p>To read the chapter on the Visualizing Cultures website, <a href="https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/civilization_and_barbarism/cb_essay04.html" target="[object Object]">click here</a>. </p>
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