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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Day 1 - Tokyo Time Travel</h2>
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<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Welcome to VTx, Module I—Introduction!</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">”Visualizing the Birth of Modern Tokyo“ deals primarily with the years <strong>1876 to 1940</strong>, the earliest-to-latest dates of the three woodblock-print series being examined that capture ”100 views“ of Tokyo.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Today deals with the idea of seeing Tokyo at different points in time—a kind of virtual time-travel view—that the course will explore through three different woodblock-print series that visualized the city on its path to modernity. You will meet some of the professors, who will introduce the course.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Shigeru Miyagawa</strong> gives an introduction to VTx and its instructors.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Topics:</p>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 1em;">Prof. Miyagawa: Welcome to VTx </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 1em;">Prof. Dower and Dr. Ulak: Welcome </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 1em;">Cycle of Destruction & Reconstruction </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 1em;">Why Tokyo, Why 100 Views? </span></li>
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<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Day 1 Quiz and Discussion: Goals for the Course </strong></p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Prof. Miyagawa: Welcome to VTx</h2>
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<h3 class="hd hd-2">Prof. Miyagawa: Welcome to VTx</h3>
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<p><strong>Scope of the Course</strong></p>
<p>Before moving on, we want to stress that <strong>this course will <em>not</em> provide a comprehensive survey of Japan‘s modern history</strong>. It studies history through visual sources as presented in three units published on Visualizing Cultures. This means that certain important and sensitive topics, such as Japan‘s imperial aggression in East and Southeast Asia, will not receive much attention.</p>
<p></p>
<p>Please also note that we expect all students to participate with respect for one another. It is important to recognize that by showing certain images or discussing certain topics, we do not endorse the views or opinions they present. Rather, we seek to understand the complexity of the past, even when the past is distasteful or offensive to us in the present. This course does not reflect the views of MIT, MITx, edX, or MIT Visualizing Cultures.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px;"><strong>Today's Location at MIT</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px;">Filming for VTx took place at various times and locations. Today's videos were made at the History section at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where John Dower taught. Hiromu Nagahara will join the course in Day 2. The panoramic window looks out over Memorial Drive and the Charles River. The video discussion revolves around images and topics from the script, which is planned in advance.</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px;"><img height="auto" width="100%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/7fe98e1dfab2ea8df79df4666b158a09/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/vtx-shoot_6817_mit-history_sebring_2019-06-11_2000w.jpg" alt="video shoot for VTx, at History section at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts; pictured: James T. Ulak and John W. Dower, June 11, 2019. Photo: Ellen Sebring" /> <img height="auto" width="47%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/8f43c50b7e908c81125fdd2a5d22fe6a/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/vtx-shoot_6810_mit-history_sebring_2019-06-11_2000w.jpg" alt="video shoot for VTx, at History section at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts; pictured: James T. Ulak and John W. Dower, June 11, 2019. Photo: Ellen Sebring" /> <img height="auto" width="47%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/d9af97e34941d20ca1c74b406c4185e9/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/vtx-shoot_6819_mit-history_sebring_2019-06-11_2000w.jpg" alt="video shoot for VTx, at History section at MIT, pictured:Ellen Sebring, James T. Ulak, and John W. Dower, June 11, 2019. Photo: Sylvia Morrison" /></p>
<h5>Caption: video shoot for VTx at the History section at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts: pictured, James T. Ulak, John W. Dower, and Ellen Sebring, June 11, 2019. (Photos - top & left: Ellen Sebring, right: Sylvia Morrison)</h5>
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<p>VTx looks at the new Tokyo born of <strong>The Meiji Restoration of 1868</strong>, and at the modern Tokyo as it was rebuilt in the wake of <strong>The Great Kantō Earthquake of 1923</strong>. Prof. Dower explains the process of rebirth and modernization of Tokyo when the city emerged from destruction by natural or man-made disasters. <span style="font-size: 1em;">Tokyo‘s resilience in the face of catastrophe was needed again following the wartime fire-bombings of 1944 to1945 that once again left the city in rubble.</span></p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Why Tokyo, Why 100 Views?</h2>
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<p>Why did the artists choose to visualize this city in the form of 100 scenes? Dr. Ulak talks about the reasons Tokyo was the epicenter of modernity, as Japan opened to the West and embraced a cosmopolitan outlook. Three woodblock-print series in the ”100 views“ style will be explored in VTx:</p>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size: 1em;">Kobayashi Kiyochika: ”Famous Places of Tokyo“ (1876–1881)</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size: 1em;">Koizumi Kishio: “100 Views of Great Tokyo in the Shōwa Era” (1928–1940)</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size: 1em;">8 Artists: “100 Views of New Tokyo” (1928–1932)</span></p>
</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p>The idea of ”place“ has a long lineage and deep meaning in Japan, as does the organizing number, ”100“:</p>
<blockquote>
<h5>Sites singled out for praise in rituals and verse date back to at least the 6th century, and as time passed this became more codified in religious practices, court rituals, and literary conventions. The four seasons formed the thematic foundation, and the range of human emotion was poetically reflected in the nuances of the changing natural world. For example, a poem combining the name of Mt. Kasuga in Nara with reference to the cry of deer and, under their hooves, the crunch of autumn leaves created a series of indelible associations relating that specific place with autumn, melancholy, love’s longings, and the evanescence of human existence. The famous early 13th-century anthology 100 Poems by 100 Poets (Ogura Hyakkunin Isshu) became the best known of a number of collections created during the 12th and 13th centuries that employed the organizing number ”100“ as a formula for establishing a canon of poets and themes. (The number probably derives from earlier Chinese practice to denote something complete, bountiful, and auspicious.) (Ulak, ”Celebrating Place“ <em>Tokyo Modern—I</em>, Visualizing Cultures)</h5>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Day 1 Quiz and Discussion - Goals for the Course</h2>
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Checkboxes
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<div class="wrapper-problem-response" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><p>At the end of many of the &#8221;Days&#8220; in the course, a brief quiz will help consolidate the information. In the following checkbox question, select all the answers that apply. Make sure you read through all the options before submitting your response! You will have two chances to answer checkbox questions.</p>
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<legend id="b2fd34a5e00c46a7b5e5d4aa4cee3f23_2_1-legend" class="response-fieldset-legend field-group-hd">Based on Professor Dower&#8217;s commentary, what contributed to Tokyo&#8217;s becoming a modern city? Check all that apply.</legend>
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<p><strong>Discussion: Goals for the Course</strong></p>
<p>One of your assignments is to participate in open-ended discussions. Due to the large number of students on the course, you will need to keep your contributions concise, but we encourage you to read through as many students’ comments as possible. You can add a new post, or respond to a fellow student’s comment.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: #313131; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.41575em; margin-left: 0px; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span color="#313131" face="Open Sans, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #313131; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="caret-color: #313131;">As we set out, share your goals for the course: what do you hope to discover over the next few weeks? Please submit a short comment, or respond to a fellow student. Discuss your goals by joining the discussion below.</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: #313131; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.41575em; margin-left: 0px; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Please read what others have posted. You can reply to existing posts. Clicking ”Add a Post“ will start a new thread inside the forum. </p>
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