<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-block-type="vertical" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@vertical+block@6c438d0df48f472696b58118c9a53b4f" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Day 23 – Night Life, Café Culture (prints)</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@ea7aa754780645eda3b99e5a871a5b93">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-block-type="html" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@ea7aa754780645eda3b99e5a871a5b93" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<p>Today, <strong>Day 23 – Night Life, Café Culture</strong>, will present prints that depict the entertainments, decadent lifestyles, and shopping areas of 1930s Tokyo.</p>
<p>Prints discussed:</p>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><span><span style="font-size: 1em;">”Hibiya Open Air Music Hall(#33),<span style="line-height: 25.6px;">“ </span>11/1/1930, by Onchi</span> Kōshirō<span style="font-size: 1em;"> </span></span></li>
<li><span><span style="font-size: 1em;">”Dance Hall Scene(#30),<span style="line-height: 25.6px;">“ </span>3/1/1930, by Onchi</span> Kōshirō<span style="font-size: 1em;"> </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 1em;">”Asakusa Park, Casino Follies (#69),“ 6/1/1930, Kawakami Sumio </span></li>
<li><span>”Café District in Shinjuku (#83),‘ 10/1/1930, by Fukazawa Sakuichi</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 1em;">”Ginza (#65),“ 8/7/1929, Kawakami Sumio </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 1em;">”Inside the Department Store (#67),“ 4/1/1930, Kawakami Sumio</span></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p>The <strong>Day 23 Quiz</strong> looks at the pressures of rapid change and modernity on society.</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-block-type="vertical" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@vertical+block@f37a0465e2d04279b6edd26b290b67ca" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">“Hibiya Open Air Music Hall (#33),“ 11/1/1930, by Onchi Kōshirō</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@0897eb9e2c4c44e39a48004a779e9adf">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-block-type="html" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@0897eb9e2c4c44e39a48004a779e9adf" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<div>You will recall Prof. Nagahara talking about the open air music performances in Hibiya Park. Here, one of these concerts in progress brings an enticing light to a lovely evening. In Onchi Kōshirō‘s ”Hibiya Open Air Music Hall‘ (#33), 11/1/1930, the audience once again are the spectators standing in for viewers like us, together taking in the concert.</div>
<div><br />Dr. Ulak reminds us that this ”spectator“ motif originated with Kiyochika in the previous century. Prof. Nagahara speculates about the music—that is is almost certainly Western, which, arguably, on stage, looks like a classical music concert.</div>
<div><br />Onchi Kōshirō was an early and strong leader of the <em>Sosaku-Hanga</em> movement who enjoyed fighting for its recognition:</div>
<div>
<blockquote>
<h5>During the next ten or fifteen years creative prints and Onchi grew up together. He threw himself into the movement, and his fighting spirit gloried in the fact that the whole art world was lined up in opposition. </h5>
<h5>’At first we were simply ignored,‘ says Onchi, ’or when we couldn't be ignored we were ridiculed. All the shows were run by oil painters. If we were allowed to submit our work, it was hung on some remote wall and judged in the same category as the oils by a jury composed of oil painters. Of course we got nowhere. The critics? They acted as if we didn‘t exist.‘ (Statler, “Modern Japanese Creative Prints,” 124-125)<br /><br /></h5>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div><img height="auto" width="100%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/c413a1bd0731008ec3bf9df86ebfc85d/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_033_1930_Onchi.jpg" alt="Hibiya Open Air Music Hall (#33), 11/1/1930, by Onchi Koshiro, From the series 100 Views of New Tokyo, collection of Carnegie Museum of Art" /></div>
<h5><br />”Hibiya Open Air Music Hall (#33),“ 11/1/1930, by Onchi Kōshirō (Carnegie Museum of Art)</h5>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-1" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-video xmodule_display xmodule_VideoBlock" data-block-type="video" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "Video"}
</script>
<h3 class="hd hd-2">“Hibiya Open Air Music Hall (#33),“ 11/1/1930, by Onchi Koshiro</h3>
<div
id="video_53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49"
class="video closed"
data-metadata='{"transcriptAvailableTranslationsUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49/handler/transcript/available_translations", "saveStateUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49/handler/xmodule_handler/save_user_state", "streams": "1.00:sAxRxmIgHDY", "transcriptLanguages": {"en": "English"}, "completionPercentage": 0.95, "autoplay": false, "start": 0.0, "ytApiUrl": "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api", "sources": [], "saveStateEnabled": false, "captionDataDir": null, "duration": null, "autohideHtml5": false, "publishCompletionUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49/handler/publish_completion", "prioritizeHls": false, "transcriptLanguage": "en", "recordedYoutubeIsAvailable": true, "autoAdvance": false, "ytTestTimeout": 1500, "transcriptTranslationUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49/handler/transcript/translation/__lang__", "generalSpeed": 1.0, "lmsRootURL": "https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu", "speed": null, "ytMetadataEndpoint": "", "completionEnabled": false, "savedVideoPosition": 0.0, "showCaptions": "true", "end": 0.0, "poster": null}'
data-bumper-metadata='null'
data-autoadvance-enabled="False"
data-poster='null'
tabindex="-1"
>
<div class="focus_grabber first"></div>
<div class="tc-wrapper">
<div class="video-wrapper">
<span tabindex="0" class="spinner" aria-hidden="false" aria-label="Loading video player"></span>
<span tabindex="-1" class="btn-play fa fa-youtube-play fa-2x is-hidden" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Play video"></span>
<div class="video-player-pre"></div>
<div class="video-player">
<div id="53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49"></div>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-error is-hidden">No playable video sources found.</h4>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-hls-error is-hidden">
Your browser does not support this video format. Try using a different browser.
</h4>
</div>
<div class="video-player-post"></div>
<div class="closed-captions"></div>
<div class="video-controls is-hidden">
<div>
<div class="vcr"><div class="vidtime">0:00 / 0:00</div></div>
<div class="secondary-controls"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="focus_grabber last"></div>
<h3 class="hd hd-4 downloads-heading sr" id="video-download-transcripts_53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49">Downloads and transcripts</h3>
<div class="wrapper-downloads" role="region" aria-labelledby="video-download-transcripts_53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49">
<div class="wrapper-download-transcripts">
<h4 class="hd hd-5">Transcripts</h4>
<ul class="list-download-transcripts">
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49/handler/transcript/download" data-value="srt">Download SubRip (.srt) file</a>
</li>
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@53f4cadd8ad047c7abde48f72e812e49/handler/transcript/download" data-value="txt">Download Text (.txt) file</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-block-type="vertical" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@vertical+block@c26bc7e42fd1460c8d4a0fcbf472dbb8" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">“Dance Hall Scene (#30),“ 3/1/1930, by Onchi Kōshirō</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@6ed43e1d2bda4c2dbafb5bbdaf8868f4">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-block-type="html" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@6ed43e1d2bda4c2dbafb5bbdaf8868f4" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<div>The ”Dance Hall Scene“ captures the crush of bodies under a hazy light. Dance halls were just one of the eroticized entertainments that flourished, shocking some and challenging traditional mores.</div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div>Why was popular music a point of contention? Prof. Nagahara discusses the dissemination of pop music as a Western influence that many saw as eroding traditional values in the young. Popular songs became ”audible symbols of what contemporaries called <em>modan</em> (modern).“</div>
<blockquote>
<h5></h5>
<h5>Produced by record companies that were largely funded by Western capital and disseminated through channels such as cinema, radio, and cafés, popular songs quickly came to be recognized as the audible symbols of what contemporaries called modan (modern)—a term that gained currency in the late 1920s as an adjective to denote all that was seen to be part of Japan’s mass-oriented, speed-driven urban modernity. (Nagahara, <em>Tokyo Boogie-Woogie</em>, p. 4)</h5>
</blockquote>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div>”Americanization and eroticization of Japanese culture“ were often seen as equivalencies.</div>
<div></div>
<blockquote>
<h5>As such, the popular song genre was immediately associated with contemporary trends such as the perceived Americanization and eroticization of Japanese culture—trends that found critics across the political spectrum and were captured by another, more sensational, contemporary phrase, <em>ero guro nansensu</em> (erotic, grotesque, nonsense). In this way, numerous songs came to be identified, with varying degrees of plausibility, with countless contemporary cultural, social, and political phenomena, be it mass consumption, wartime nationalism, occupation-era poverty, or—as is perhaps true even today—the allegedly ever-degenerating juvenile mores. (Nagahara, <em>Tokyo Boogie-Woogie</em>, p. 4)<br /><br /></h5>
</blockquote>
<div><img height="auto" width="100%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/fe815f95e2ea159f567351b949e9c31d/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_030_1930_Onchi.jpg" alt="Dance Hall Scene (#30), 3/1/1930, by Onchi Koshiro, from the series 100 Views of New Tokyo, collection of Carnegie Museum of Art" /></div>
<h5><br />”Dance Hall Scene (#30),“ 3/1/1930, by Onchi Kōshirō (Carnegie Museum of Art)</h5>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-1" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-video xmodule_display xmodule_VideoBlock" data-block-type="video" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "Video"}
</script>
<h3 class="hd hd-2">”Dance Hall Scene (#30),“ 3/1/1930, by Onchi Koshiro</h3>
<div
id="video_1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61"
class="video closed"
data-metadata='{"transcriptAvailableTranslationsUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61/handler/transcript/available_translations", "saveStateUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61/handler/xmodule_handler/save_user_state", "streams": "1.00:fbk5JNHzCtg", "transcriptLanguages": {"en": "English"}, "completionPercentage": 0.95, "autoplay": false, "start": 0.0, "ytApiUrl": "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api", "sources": [], "saveStateEnabled": false, "captionDataDir": null, "duration": null, "autohideHtml5": false, "publishCompletionUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61/handler/publish_completion", "prioritizeHls": false, "transcriptLanguage": "en", "recordedYoutubeIsAvailable": true, "autoAdvance": false, "ytTestTimeout": 1500, "transcriptTranslationUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61/handler/transcript/translation/__lang__", "generalSpeed": 1.0, "lmsRootURL": "https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu", "speed": null, "ytMetadataEndpoint": "", "completionEnabled": false, "savedVideoPosition": 0.0, "showCaptions": "true", "end": 0.0, "poster": null}'
data-bumper-metadata='null'
data-autoadvance-enabled="False"
data-poster='null'
tabindex="-1"
>
<div class="focus_grabber first"></div>
<div class="tc-wrapper">
<div class="video-wrapper">
<span tabindex="0" class="spinner" aria-hidden="false" aria-label="Loading video player"></span>
<span tabindex="-1" class="btn-play fa fa-youtube-play fa-2x is-hidden" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Play video"></span>
<div class="video-player-pre"></div>
<div class="video-player">
<div id="1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61"></div>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-error is-hidden">No playable video sources found.</h4>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-hls-error is-hidden">
Your browser does not support this video format. Try using a different browser.
</h4>
</div>
<div class="video-player-post"></div>
<div class="closed-captions"></div>
<div class="video-controls is-hidden">
<div>
<div class="vcr"><div class="vidtime">0:00 / 0:00</div></div>
<div class="secondary-controls"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="focus_grabber last"></div>
<h3 class="hd hd-4 downloads-heading sr" id="video-download-transcripts_1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61">Downloads and transcripts</h3>
<div class="wrapper-downloads" role="region" aria-labelledby="video-download-transcripts_1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61">
<div class="wrapper-download-transcripts">
<h4 class="hd hd-5">Transcripts</h4>
<ul class="list-download-transcripts">
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61/handler/transcript/download" data-value="srt">Download SubRip (.srt) file</a>
</li>
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@1dc3bd09952c45cb98380fb2a234ef61/handler/transcript/download" data-value="txt">Download Text (.txt) file</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-block-type="vertical" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@vertical+block@831148b679c54231813a24d3d38a07a2" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">“Asakusa Park, Casino Follies (#69),“ 6/1/1930, by Kawakami Sumio</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@a460476c2fce47678af42da0f3492161">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-block-type="html" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@a460476c2fce47678af42da0f3492161" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<p>Prof. Nagahara mentions a book centered on the Asakusa area, <strong><em>The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa</em>, by Yasunari Kawabata</strong>, who would win the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1968. Serialized in a daily newspaper in 1929, the book was published in 1930.</p>
<p>A brief excerpt from Kawabata’s novel gives the flavor of the staccato-jazz style of the writing, and insight into the eroticized Asakusa scene (author‘s ellipsis in quote):</p>
<blockquote>
<h5>If the so-called Japanese-Western Jazz Ensemble Revue, an incongruous muddle of different musical numbers, is a part of Asakusa, Model 1929, then maybe the Casino Folies, Tokyo’s one and only purveyor of the imported modern revue, is, along with the Subway Restaurant Tower, a part of Model 1930.</h5>
<h5></h5>
<h5>Eroticism and nonsense and speed and comic-strip humor of current events and jazz songs and ladies’ legs . . .</h5>
<h5></h5>
<h5>But the seats on the third floor are not crowded enough for the conversation between the man and Yumiko to be overheard.</h5>
<h5></h5>
<h5>—So you’re saying that just because this old-fashioned big sister went crazy over a man, then the little sister wised up and turned into a new-fangled <em>zube</em> [Asakusaese for “bad girl”]. Right? (Kawabata, <em>The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa</em>, p. 31)<br /><br /></h5>
</blockquote>
<p>________________</p>
<h5>Kawabata, Yasunari. <em>The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa</em>, translated by Alisa Freedman, Univeristy of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 2005 (originally published in Japanese in 1930)</h5>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-1" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@a14cbd1f911b4aedb526de13b12003b7">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-block-type="html" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@a14cbd1f911b4aedb526de13b12003b7" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<div><img height="auto" width="100%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/05d5be5ae266331811cd29b8ba69602f/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_069_1930_Kawakami.jpg" alt="Asakusa Park, Casino Follies (#69), 6/1/1930, Kawakami Sumio, from the series 100 Views of New Tokyo, collection of Carnegie Museum of Art" /></div>
<h5><br />”Asakusa Park, Casino Follies (#69),“ 6/1/1930, Kawakami Sumio (Carnegie Museum of Art)</h5>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-2" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-video xmodule_display xmodule_VideoBlock" data-block-type="video" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "Video"}
</script>
<h3 class="hd hd-2">”Asakusa Park, Casino Follies (#69),“ 6/1/1930, by Kawakami Sumio</h3>
<div
id="video_d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0"
class="video closed"
data-metadata='{"transcriptAvailableTranslationsUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0/handler/transcript/available_translations", "saveStateUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0/handler/xmodule_handler/save_user_state", "streams": "1.00:m9sasaP1xkM", "transcriptLanguages": {"en": "English"}, "completionPercentage": 0.95, "autoplay": false, "start": 0.0, "ytApiUrl": "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api", "sources": [], "saveStateEnabled": false, "captionDataDir": null, "duration": null, "autohideHtml5": false, "publishCompletionUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0/handler/publish_completion", "prioritizeHls": false, "transcriptLanguage": "en", "recordedYoutubeIsAvailable": true, "autoAdvance": false, "ytTestTimeout": 1500, "transcriptTranslationUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0/handler/transcript/translation/__lang__", "generalSpeed": 1.0, "lmsRootURL": "https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu", "speed": null, "ytMetadataEndpoint": "", "completionEnabled": false, "savedVideoPosition": 0.0, "showCaptions": "true", "end": 0.0, "poster": null}'
data-bumper-metadata='null'
data-autoadvance-enabled="False"
data-poster='null'
tabindex="-1"
>
<div class="focus_grabber first"></div>
<div class="tc-wrapper">
<div class="video-wrapper">
<span tabindex="0" class="spinner" aria-hidden="false" aria-label="Loading video player"></span>
<span tabindex="-1" class="btn-play fa fa-youtube-play fa-2x is-hidden" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Play video"></span>
<div class="video-player-pre"></div>
<div class="video-player">
<div id="d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0"></div>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-error is-hidden">No playable video sources found.</h4>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-hls-error is-hidden">
Your browser does not support this video format. Try using a different browser.
</h4>
</div>
<div class="video-player-post"></div>
<div class="closed-captions"></div>
<div class="video-controls is-hidden">
<div>
<div class="vcr"><div class="vidtime">0:00 / 0:00</div></div>
<div class="secondary-controls"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="focus_grabber last"></div>
<h3 class="hd hd-4 downloads-heading sr" id="video-download-transcripts_d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0">Downloads and transcripts</h3>
<div class="wrapper-downloads" role="region" aria-labelledby="video-download-transcripts_d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0">
<div class="wrapper-download-transcripts">
<h4 class="hd hd-5">Transcripts</h4>
<ul class="list-download-transcripts">
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0/handler/transcript/download" data-value="srt">Download SubRip (.srt) file</a>
</li>
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@d831bcbb6e64406b8d3c1b7c578d7cd0/handler/transcript/download" data-value="txt">Download Text (.txt) file</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-block-type="vertical" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@vertical+block@b718be92443d4bdfb1f878f552146bc7" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">“Café District in Shinjuku (#83),“ 10/1/1930, by Fukazawa Sakuichi</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@1020c9a71e8a47ef8b9f06e0e4162e1b">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-block-type="html" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@1020c9a71e8a47ef8b9f06e0e4162e1b" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<div>Café culture flourished, offering a form of liberation by facilitating a lively social scene, and providing employment for, in particular, young women. A darker side lay beneath the glittering facade. Professor Dower writes:</div>
<div></div>
<blockquote>
<h5>In 1930, a government survey put the number of cafés at a precise 27,532 nationwide, and four years later at 37,065. These establishments, which served food and liquor, employed tens of thousands of waitresses, many of them very young women from the countryside, and the turnover was rapid. Many cafés had English names, although French was also popular. (Dower, <em>The Brittle Decade</em>, 21)</h5>
</blockquote>
<p>Cafés varied from ”grungy“ to elegant establishments that cast a luster over the clientele using the materials of modernity including ”stainless steel, aluminum, glass, and mirrors“:</p>
<blockquote>
<h5>Some were grungy. Some cafés as well as teahouses, especially in the tony Ginza, were capacious and offered a bright decor created with materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, glass, and mirrors. Contemporary commentary about the social significance of the café was sometimes almost over the top. In the view of one pundit (Murobushi Koshin), the café epitomized liberation and was more important than the Diet, since this half-elected and half-appointed parliament was a ruling-class institution, while cafés expressed the interest of the petite bourgeoisie and the young, in whom the future rested. (Dower, <em>The Brittle Decade</em>, p. 21)</h5>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<p>Regarding Fukazawa Sakuichi, James Austen cites information from fellow artists, Hiratsuka and Onchi:</p>
<p></p>
<blockquote>
<h5>Although Onchi gives the date of his death as 1946, Hiratsuka believes it was January 1947. According to Hiratsuka, in his early years Fukazawa tried to express himself in Western style using mostly oil-based inks. Later he changed to Oriental style and used water-based colors. For several years before his death he designed some excellent book covers. He became a member of Nippon Sosaku Hanga Kyokai in 1928. He was in his early 30s at the time the Shin Hyakkei Tokyo series was published. Ref: Onchi (p. 24). (Austin, <em>Shin Tokyo Hyakkei</em>, p. 4)<br /><br /></h5>
</blockquote>
<div><img height="auto" width="100%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/1f12bd4c271c03869475983235486b73/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_083_1930_Fukazawa.jpg" alt="Cafe District in Shinjuku (#83), 10/1/1930, by Fukazawa Sakuichi (Carnegie Museum of Art)" /></div>
<h5><br />”Cafe District in Shinjuku (#83),‘ 10/1/1930, by Fukazawa Sakuichi (Carnegie Museum of Art)</h5>
<p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-1" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-video xmodule_display xmodule_VideoBlock" data-block-type="video" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "Video"}
</script>
<h3 class="hd hd-2">”Cafe District in Shinjuku (#83),“ 10/1/1930, by Fukazawa Sakuichi</h3>
<div
id="video_0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9"
class="video closed"
data-metadata='{"transcriptAvailableTranslationsUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9/handler/transcript/available_translations", "saveStateUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9/handler/xmodule_handler/save_user_state", "streams": "1.00:-VelHWFCKok", "transcriptLanguages": {"en": "English"}, "completionPercentage": 0.95, "autoplay": false, "start": 0.0, "ytApiUrl": "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api", "sources": [], "saveStateEnabled": false, "captionDataDir": null, "duration": null, "autohideHtml5": false, "publishCompletionUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9/handler/publish_completion", "prioritizeHls": false, "transcriptLanguage": "en", "recordedYoutubeIsAvailable": true, "autoAdvance": false, "ytTestTimeout": 1500, "transcriptTranslationUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9/handler/transcript/translation/__lang__", "generalSpeed": 1.0, "lmsRootURL": "https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu", "speed": null, "ytMetadataEndpoint": "", "completionEnabled": false, "savedVideoPosition": 0.0, "showCaptions": "true", "end": 0.0, "poster": null}'
data-bumper-metadata='null'
data-autoadvance-enabled="False"
data-poster='null'
tabindex="-1"
>
<div class="focus_grabber first"></div>
<div class="tc-wrapper">
<div class="video-wrapper">
<span tabindex="0" class="spinner" aria-hidden="false" aria-label="Loading video player"></span>
<span tabindex="-1" class="btn-play fa fa-youtube-play fa-2x is-hidden" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Play video"></span>
<div class="video-player-pre"></div>
<div class="video-player">
<div id="0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9"></div>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-error is-hidden">No playable video sources found.</h4>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-hls-error is-hidden">
Your browser does not support this video format. Try using a different browser.
</h4>
</div>
<div class="video-player-post"></div>
<div class="closed-captions"></div>
<div class="video-controls is-hidden">
<div>
<div class="vcr"><div class="vidtime">0:00 / 0:00</div></div>
<div class="secondary-controls"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="focus_grabber last"></div>
<h3 class="hd hd-4 downloads-heading sr" id="video-download-transcripts_0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9">Downloads and transcripts</h3>
<div class="wrapper-downloads" role="region" aria-labelledby="video-download-transcripts_0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9">
<div class="wrapper-download-transcripts">
<h4 class="hd hd-5">Transcripts</h4>
<ul class="list-download-transcripts">
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9/handler/transcript/download" data-value="srt">Download SubRip (.srt) file</a>
</li>
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@0da01d9c1e87458499db3ff5aee41fa9/handler/transcript/download" data-value="txt">Download Text (.txt) file</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-2" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@42dd568edacd4a85bced99b05e00a432">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-block-type="html" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@42dd568edacd4a85bced99b05e00a432" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<p>Here is the cover of the book Professor Dower mentions, <i>The Brittle Decade: Visualizing Japan in the 1930s </i>(Boston Museum of Fine Arts, MFA Publications, 2012). The book is comprised of richly illustrated essays by Dower, Anne Nishimura Morse, Jacqueline Atkins, and Frederic Sharf.</p>
<p></p>
<p>Professor Dower‘s essay begins the book. Titled ”Modernity and Militarism,“ the essay covers the topics in this course with many examples, details, and superb imagery.</p>
<div><img height="auto" width="80%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/26fe6750e682ee4631f893bbeed4b622/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/dower_brittle-decade_9282_2000w.jpg" alt="Dower, John; Morse, Anne Nishimura; Atkins, Jacqueline; Sharf, Frederic. The Brittle Decade: Visualizing Japan in the 1930s, Boston Museum of Fine Arts, MFA Publications, 2012" /></div>
<h5><br />Caption: dust jacket from <em>The Brittle Decade: Visualizing Japan in the 1930</em>s, by John W. Dower, Anne Nishimura Morse, Jacqueline Atkins, and Frederic Sharf (Boston Museum of Fine Arts, MFA Publications, 2012)</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-block-type="vertical" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@vertical+block@2185ff2324dd407ea103793ecf0c9b7c" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">”Ginza (#65),“ 8/7/1929, by Kawakami Sumio</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@cdbd8dddbc0c466abf26fc8a96100cb5">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-block-type="html" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@cdbd8dddbc0c466abf26fc8a96100cb5" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<p>Dower‘s essay in <em>The Brittle Decade</em> captures the cross-currents of the fast life of modernity, here highlighting Tokyo‘s Ginza district, the center of sophisticated café<span style="font-size: 1em;"> culture and burgeoning mass consumption. In Ginza,</span> cafés<span style="font-size: 1em;"> and department stores </span><span style="font-size: 1em;">promoted</span><span style="font-size: 1em;"> the allure of fashionable appearance, and window shopping.</span></p>
<blockquote>
<h5>Several cultural phenomena became celebrated symbols of this modern life. One was the café. Another was the upscale consumerism and high fashion associated with Tokyo’s Ginza district in particular. And a third was the emergence of an iconoclastic demographic of young women and men baptized—again in borrowed English—as <em>moga</em> and <em>mobo,</em> shorthand for “modern girl” and “modern boy” (Dower, <em>The Brittle Decade</em>, pp. 20-21)</h5>
</blockquote>
<p>The pursuit of cosmopolitan glamour for a tiny percent of society contrasted with harsh realities for most. Just as the prints depict a mix of fashions, success meant being adroit with both Western and Japanese styles.</p>
<blockquote>
<h5>In actuality, most café waitresses relied on tips rather than wages, and lived on the brink of poverty. More than a few engaged in prostitution after hours to make ends meet and help support their families. (Prostitution, which flourished in both licensed quarters and unlicensed districts, was not made illegal until 1956.) The counterpoint to this darker side of the new modernity was the upper-class sophistication associated with Ginza, captured in the advertisements and other public-relations endeavors of the Shiseido cosmetics firm. … The stylish modern Japanese woman might wear a kimono one day and Western clothing the next; such hybrid taste was the essence of urbane cultivation. What mattered was being au courant with Western and not just Japanese styles in grooming and fashions, and in this Shiseido led the way. (Dower, <em>The Brittle Decade</em>, p. 21)</h5>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<p>What of Kawakami Sumio‘s choice of brilliant colors and blocky composition?</p>
<p></p>
<blockquote>
<h5>Always an experimentalist, Kawakami seems, during the period of the <em>Shin Tokyo Hyakkei</em>, to have been infatuated with the gaudy colors and bold stylization of Matisse, and the designs of Ginza (no. 65), At a Department Store (No. 67) and Theatre at Asakusa (No. 69) were apparently done under a strong Matisse influence. This was a passing phase, however, and there are hardly any traces of it in Kawakami‘s later work. (Austin, <em>Shin Tokyo Hyakkei</em>, p. 4)<br /><br /></h5>
</blockquote>
<div><img height="auto" width="100%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/ad7175095b19b98665744981e10586c8/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_065_1929_Kawakami.jpg" alt="Ginza (#65), 8/7/1929, Kawakami Sumio (Carnegie Museum of Art)" /></div>
<h5><br />Caption: ”Ginza (#65),“ 8/7/1929, Kawakami Sumio (Carnegie Museum of Art)</h5>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-1" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-video xmodule_display xmodule_VideoBlock" data-block-type="video" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "Video"}
</script>
<h3 class="hd hd-2">”Ginza (#65),“ 8/7/1929, by Kawakami Sumio</h3>
<div
id="video_79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9"
class="video closed"
data-metadata='{"transcriptAvailableTranslationsUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9/handler/transcript/available_translations", "saveStateUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9/handler/xmodule_handler/save_user_state", "streams": "1.00:fk_wWhtBX-k", "transcriptLanguages": {"en": "English"}, "completionPercentage": 0.95, "autoplay": false, "start": 0.0, "ytApiUrl": "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api", "sources": [], "saveStateEnabled": false, "captionDataDir": null, "duration": null, "autohideHtml5": false, "publishCompletionUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9/handler/publish_completion", "prioritizeHls": false, "transcriptLanguage": "en", "recordedYoutubeIsAvailable": true, "autoAdvance": false, "ytTestTimeout": 1500, "transcriptTranslationUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9/handler/transcript/translation/__lang__", "generalSpeed": 1.0, "lmsRootURL": "https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu", "speed": null, "ytMetadataEndpoint": "", "completionEnabled": false, "savedVideoPosition": 0.0, "showCaptions": "true", "end": 0.0, "poster": null}'
data-bumper-metadata='null'
data-autoadvance-enabled="False"
data-poster='null'
tabindex="-1"
>
<div class="focus_grabber first"></div>
<div class="tc-wrapper">
<div class="video-wrapper">
<span tabindex="0" class="spinner" aria-hidden="false" aria-label="Loading video player"></span>
<span tabindex="-1" class="btn-play fa fa-youtube-play fa-2x is-hidden" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Play video"></span>
<div class="video-player-pre"></div>
<div class="video-player">
<div id="79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9"></div>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-error is-hidden">No playable video sources found.</h4>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-hls-error is-hidden">
Your browser does not support this video format. Try using a different browser.
</h4>
</div>
<div class="video-player-post"></div>
<div class="closed-captions"></div>
<div class="video-controls is-hidden">
<div>
<div class="vcr"><div class="vidtime">0:00 / 0:00</div></div>
<div class="secondary-controls"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="focus_grabber last"></div>
<h3 class="hd hd-4 downloads-heading sr" id="video-download-transcripts_79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9">Downloads and transcripts</h3>
<div class="wrapper-downloads" role="region" aria-labelledby="video-download-transcripts_79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9">
<div class="wrapper-download-transcripts">
<h4 class="hd hd-5">Transcripts</h4>
<ul class="list-download-transcripts">
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9/handler/transcript/download" data-value="srt">Download SubRip (.srt) file</a>
</li>
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@79502b063fac42969cfc18f3845845f9/handler/transcript/download" data-value="txt">Download Text (.txt) file</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-block-type="vertical" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@vertical+block@9ab45778108b4a2b98f4fd9309248abb" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">”Inside the Department Store (#67),“ 4/1/1930, by Kawakami Sumio</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@47c47b89e9f54575a3372c1900838f7e">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-block-type="html" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@47c47b89e9f54575a3372c1900838f7e" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<p>How did the state deal with this rapidly changing society?</p>
<p>Prof. Nagahara describes the ”widening array of entertainment venues and services,“ which combined with the speed of complex transportation systems, noise, ”rampant consumerism" and “radical individualism”—all put pressure on authorities to regulate the growing chaos.</p>
<p></p>
<blockquote>
<h5>The advent of an increasingly complex and cosmopolitan lifestyle in the early twentieth century brought new challenges as well as new opportunities for the state. In particular, the rapid transformation of Tokyo after the devastation of the Great Kantō Earthquake of 1923 facilitated the flowering of an urban consumer culture that catered to the growing demands of Tokyoites, who availed themselves of a widening array of entertainment venues and services, including cafés, dance halls, and jazz music. (Nagahara, <em>Tokyo Boogie-Woogie</em>, p. 81)</h5>
</blockquote>
<p></p>
<p>Critics feared that traditional Japanese values were being eroded by ”seeming Americanization of everyday life,“ and Nagahara cites a 1937 police action resulting in the arrest of more than 7,000 youths:</p>
<blockquote>
<h5>Desires for consumer goods were, in turn, amplified and disseminated through the rapid growth of mass media including mass magazines, inexpensive publications, domestic as well as foreign films, radio, and phonograph records. Among some critics, the growing consumer choice was associated with rampant materialism and capitalist excess, while the seeming Americanization of everyday life raised the specter of radical individualism and the breakdown of Japanese aesthetic and cultural values. In response, the police extended the regulations that they pioneered in relation to theater to other forms of media and entertainment, including cafés and dance halls. One of the most spectacular examples of these efforts occurred in July 1937, when the police raided cafés, movie theaters, and other entertainment centers and arrested 7,373 youths, accusing them of truancy and other forms of delinquency. (Nagahara, <em>Tokyo Boogie-Woogie</em>, p. 81)</h5>
</blockquote>
<p></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">As mentioned, Kawakami Sumio‘s prints stand out for their striking color palettes and compositions. A school teacher, he taught English in a provincial town north of Tokyo. His father sent him to the United States after college. Kawakami lived in Seattle, Washington, fished in Alaska, and studied in Chicago, thus his engagement with modernity and cosmopolitanism in Japan was grounded in personal experience abroad. Kawakami said that he created woodblock prints to please himself, with little influence from other artists:</p>
<blockquote>
<h5>“I was never much in the swim of things as far as prints were concerned. Since I didn’t live in Tokyo I never knew many of the print artists and never was much influenced by them. I’ve just gone my own way, doing what interested me, and hoping it would interest somebody else. If it has, I’m happy.” (Kawakami Sumio quoted in Oliver Statler, <em>Modern Japanese Prints</em>, Charles E. Tuttle Company, 1956, p. 93)<br /><br /></h5>
</blockquote>
<p>_______________________</p>
<h5><a href="https://visualizingcultures.mit.edu/shiseido_01/index.html" target="_blank">To learn more about Tokyo's Ginza, and the rise of consumer cultures, see Gennifer Weisenfeld‘s <em>Selling Shiseido</em> units on Visualizing Cultures.</a> This topic is also explored in Visualizing Cultures‘ first online course, VJx.</h5>
<h5>Sources: <a href="https://sites.google.com/a/myjapanesehanga.com/www/home/artists/kawakami-sumio-1895---1972-" target="_blank">The Lavenberg Collection of Japanese Prints, Kawakami Sumio (1895-1972)</a> This is external to edX and will open a new window <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_gzQAgAAQBAJ&q=kawakame+sumio#v=snippet&q=kawakame%20sumio&f=false" target="_blank">Oliver Statler. <em>Modern Japanese Prints</em>, Charles E. Tuttle Company, 1956<br /><br /></a></h5>
<h5></h5>
<div><img height="auto" width="100%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/a275227e6779f6ee02c431d9fc903f86/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_067_1930_Kawakami.jpg" alt="Inside the Department Store (#67), 4/1/1930, Kawakami Sumio, from the series 100 Views of New Tokyo, collection of Carnegie Museum of Art" /></div>
<h5><br />”Inside the Department Store (#67),“ 4/1/1930, Kawakami Sumio (Carnegie Museum of Art)</h5>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-1" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-video xmodule_display xmodule_VideoBlock" data-block-type="video" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "Video"}
</script>
<h3 class="hd hd-2">”Inside the Department Store (#67),“ 4/1/1930, by Kawakami Sumio</h3>
<div
id="video_29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260"
class="video closed"
data-metadata='{"transcriptAvailableTranslationsUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260/handler/transcript/available_translations", "saveStateUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260/handler/xmodule_handler/save_user_state", "streams": "1.00:UcwUfasY424", "transcriptLanguages": {"en": "English"}, "completionPercentage": 0.95, "autoplay": false, "start": 0.0, "ytApiUrl": "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api", "sources": [], "saveStateEnabled": false, "captionDataDir": null, "duration": null, "autohideHtml5": false, "publishCompletionUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260/handler/publish_completion", "prioritizeHls": false, "transcriptLanguage": "en", "recordedYoutubeIsAvailable": true, "autoAdvance": false, "ytTestTimeout": 1500, "transcriptTranslationUrl": "/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260/handler/transcript/translation/__lang__", "generalSpeed": 1.0, "lmsRootURL": "https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu", "speed": null, "ytMetadataEndpoint": "", "completionEnabled": false, "savedVideoPosition": 0.0, "showCaptions": "true", "end": 0.0, "poster": null}'
data-bumper-metadata='null'
data-autoadvance-enabled="False"
data-poster='null'
tabindex="-1"
>
<div class="focus_grabber first"></div>
<div class="tc-wrapper">
<div class="video-wrapper">
<span tabindex="0" class="spinner" aria-hidden="false" aria-label="Loading video player"></span>
<span tabindex="-1" class="btn-play fa fa-youtube-play fa-2x is-hidden" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Play video"></span>
<div class="video-player-pre"></div>
<div class="video-player">
<div id="29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260"></div>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-error is-hidden">No playable video sources found.</h4>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-hls-error is-hidden">
Your browser does not support this video format. Try using a different browser.
</h4>
</div>
<div class="video-player-post"></div>
<div class="closed-captions"></div>
<div class="video-controls is-hidden">
<div>
<div class="vcr"><div class="vidtime">0:00 / 0:00</div></div>
<div class="secondary-controls"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="focus_grabber last"></div>
<h3 class="hd hd-4 downloads-heading sr" id="video-download-transcripts_29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260">Downloads and transcripts</h3>
<div class="wrapper-downloads" role="region" aria-labelledby="video-download-transcripts_29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260">
<div class="wrapper-download-transcripts">
<h4 class="hd hd-5">Transcripts</h4>
<ul class="list-download-transcripts">
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260/handler/transcript/download" data-value="srt">Download SubRip (.srt) file</a>
</li>
<li class="transcript-option">
<a class="btn btn-link" href="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@video+block@29611fdea21e49a2b90e9d8dc6b32260/handler/transcript/download" data-value="txt">Download Text (.txt) file</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-block-type="vertical" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@vertical+block@619094c353f94d5dad2b4fe9955557f1" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">Day 23 Quiz - Night Life, Café Culture</h2>
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@1da8bf0c615e45248d1eb59f2f183d7c">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-block-type="html" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@html+block@1da8bf0c615e45248d1eb59f2f183d7c" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<p><strong>Day 23 Quiz: Night Life, Café Culture</strong></p>
<p>Based on today's prints, answer the questions below!</p>
<p>#33 <img height="auto" width="35%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/c413a1bd0731008ec3bf9df86ebfc85d/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_033_1930_Onchi.jpg" alt="Hibiya Open Air Music Hall (#33), 11/1/1930, by Onchi Kōshirō " /> #30 <img height="auto" width="35%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/fe815f95e2ea159f567351b949e9c31d/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_030_1930_Onchi.jpg" alt="Dance Hall Scene (#30), 3/1/1930, by Onchi Kōshirō " /></p>
<h5></h5>
<h5>#69<img height="auto" width="35%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/05d5be5ae266331811cd29b8ba69602f/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_069_1930_Kawakami.jpg" alt="Asakusa Park, Casino Follies (#69), 6/1/1930, Kawakami Sumio " /> #65<img height="auto" width="35%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/ad7175095b19b98665744981e10586c8/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_065_1929_Kawakami.jpg" alt="Ginza (#65), 8/7/1929, Kawakami Sumio " /> </h5>
<p>#67<img height="auto" width="35%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/a275227e6779f6ee02c431d9fc903f86/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_067_1930_Kawakami.jpg" alt="Inside the Department Store (#67), 4/1/1930, Kawakami Sumio" /> #83<img height="auto" width="25%" src="/assets/courseware/v1/1f12bd4c271c03869475983235486b73/asset-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@asset+block/8A_083_1930_Fukazawa.jpg" alt="Café District in Shinjuku (#83), 10/1/1930, by Fukazawa Sakuichi" /></p>
<h5><br />(Images courtesy Carnegie Museum of Art)</h5>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-1" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-problem xmodule_display xmodule_ProblemBlock" data-block-type="problem" data-has-score="True" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "Problem"}
</script>
<div id="problem_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f" class="problems-wrapper" role="group"
aria-labelledby="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f-problem-title"
data-problem-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f" data-url="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f/handler/xmodule_handler"
data-problem-score="0"
data-problem-total-possible="3"
data-attempts-used="0"
data-content="
<h3 class="hd hd-3 problem-header" id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f-problem-title" aria-describedby="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f-problem-progress" tabindex="-1">
Checkboxes
</h3>
<div class="problem-progress" id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f-problem-progress"></div>
<div class="problem">
<div>
<p>Match the prints with the artists, observing stylistic differences.</p>
<div class="wrapper-problem-response" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div class="choicegroup capa_inputtype" id="inputtype_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1">
<fieldset aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1">
<legend id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1-legend" class="response-fieldset-legend field-group-hd">Which print(s) did Onchi&#160;K&#333;shir&#333; make?</legend>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_0" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_0"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1-choice_0-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_0" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1"> 33
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_1" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_1"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1-choice_1-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_1" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1"> 30
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_2" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_2"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1-choice_2-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_2" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1"> 69
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_3" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_3"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1-choice_3-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_3" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1"> 65
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_4" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_4"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1-choice_4-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_4" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1"> 67
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_5" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_5"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1-choice_5-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1_choice_5" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1"> 83
</label>
</div>
<span id="answer_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1"/>
</fieldset>
<div class="indicator-container">
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_2_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
</div>
</div></div>
<div class="wrapper-problem-response" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 2" role="group"><div class="choicegroup capa_inputtype" id="inputtype_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1">
<fieldset aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1">
<legend id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1-legend" class="response-fieldset-legend field-group-hd">Which print(s) did Fukazawa Sakuichi make?</legend>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_0" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_0"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1-choice_0-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_0" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1"> 33
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_1" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_1"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1-choice_1-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_1" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1"> 30
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_2" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_2"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1-choice_2-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_2" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1"> 69
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_3" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_3"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1-choice_3-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_3" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1"> 65
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_4" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_4"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1-choice_4-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_4" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1"> 67
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_5" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_5"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1-choice_5-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1_choice_5" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1"> 83
</label>
</div>
<span id="answer_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1"/>
</fieldset>
<div class="indicator-container">
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_3_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
</div>
</div></div>
<div class="wrapper-problem-response" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 3" role="group"><div class="choicegroup capa_inputtype" id="inputtype_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1">
<fieldset aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1">
<legend id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1-legend" class="response-fieldset-legend field-group-hd">Which print(s) did Kawakami Sumio make?</legend>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_0" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_0"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1-choice_0-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_0" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1"> 33
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_1" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_1"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1-choice_1-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_1" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1"> 30
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_2" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_2"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1-choice_2-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_2" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1"> 69
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_3" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_3"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1-choice_3-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_3" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1"> 65
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_4" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_4"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1-choice_4-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_4" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1"> 67
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1[]" id="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_5" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_5"/><label id="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1-choice_5-label" for="input_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1_choice_5" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1"> 83
</label>
</div>
<span id="answer_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1"/>
</fieldset>
<div class="indicator-container">
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f_4_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
</div>
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="action">
<input type="hidden" name="problem_id" value="Checkboxes" />
<div class="submit-attempt-container">
<button type="button" class="submit btn-brand" data-submitting="Submitting" data-value="Submit" data-should-enable-submit-button="True" aria-describedby="submission_feedback_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f" >
<span class="submit-label">Submit</span>
</button>
<div class="submission-feedback" id="submission_feedback_7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f">
<span class="sr">Some problems have options such as save, reset, hints, or show answer. These options follow the Submit button.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="problem-action-buttons-wrapper">
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification warning notification-gentle-alert
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-exclamation-circle" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f-problem-title">
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification warning notification-save
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-save" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f-problem-title">None
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification general notification-show-answer
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-info-circle" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="7c3fb54ad7ed4f6fb35a6041346ab91f-problem-title">Answers are displayed within the problem
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
"
data-graded="True">
<p class="loading-spinner">
<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-2x fa-fw"></i>
<span class="sr">Loading…</span>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-2" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@poll+block@f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-poll" data-block-type="poll" data-has-score="False" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="PollBlock" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@poll+block@f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script class="poll-results-template" type="text/html">
<h3 class="poll-header">{{display_name}}</h3>
<div class="poll-question">{{{question}}}</div>
<div class="poll-results-wrapper" role="radiogroup" tabindex="0">
<h4 class="poll-header">{{gettext "Results" }}</h4>
<ul class="poll-answers-results poll-results {{~#if any_img}} has-images{{/if}}">
{{#each tally}}
<li class="poll-result">
<div class="poll-result-input-container">
<input id="answer-{{key}}-{{../block_id}}" type="radio" disabled {{#if choice}}checked{{/if}} />
</div>
{{~#if ../any_img~}}
<div class="poll-image result-image">
<label for="answer-{{key}}-{{../block_id}}" class="poll-image-label">
{{#if img}}
<img src="{{img}}" alt="{{img_alt}}"/>
{{/if}}
</label>
</div><div class="percentage-gauge-background"></div>
{{~/if~}}
<div class="percentage-gauge-container">
<div class="percentage-gauge" style="width:{{percent}}%;"></div>
<label class="poll-answer-label" for="answer-{{key}}-{{../block_id}}">{{{answer}}}</label>
</div>
<div class="poll-percent-container">
<span class="poll-percent-display{{#if leader}} poll-top-choice{{/if}}">{{percent}}%</span>
</div>
</li>
{{/each}}
</ul>
<input class="input-main" type="button" name="poll-submit" value="{{gettext "Submit"}}" disabled>
<div class="poll-footnote">
{{interpolate (ngettext "Results gathered from {total} respondent." "Results gathered from {total} respondents." total) total=total}}
</div>
{{#if feedback}}
<hr />
<h3 class="poll-header">{{gettext "Feedback" }}</h3>
<div class="poll-feedback">
{{{feedback}}}
</div>
{{/if}}
</div>
</script>
<div class="poll-block themed-xblock" data-private=""
data-can-vote="1">
<div class="poll-block-form-wrapper">
<h3 class="poll-header">Poll</h3>
<form>
<fieldset class="poll-container">
<legend class="poll-question">
<p>Which expresses modernity in Tokyo the best if you have to choose one?</p>
</legend>
<div class="poll-answers">
<div class="poll-answer">
<div class="poll-input-container">
<input type="radio" name="choice" id="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-R" value="R"
/>
</div>
<label class="poll-answer-text" for="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-R"><p>Hibiya Open Air Music Hall (#33)</p></label>
</div>
<div class="poll-answer">
<div class="poll-input-container">
<input type="radio" name="choice" id="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-B" value="B"
/>
</div>
<label class="poll-answer-text" for="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-B"><p>Dance Hall Scene (#30)</p></label>
</div>
<div class="poll-answer">
<div class="poll-input-container">
<input type="radio" name="choice" id="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-G" value="G"
/>
</div>
<label class="poll-answer-text" for="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-G"><p>Asakusa Park, Casino Follies (#69)</p></label>
</div>
<div class="poll-answer">
<div class="poll-input-container">
<input type="radio" name="choice" id="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-O" value="O"
/>
</div>
<label class="poll-answer-text" for="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-O"><p>Ginza (#65)</p></label>
</div>
<div class="poll-answer">
<div class="poll-input-container">
<input type="radio" name="choice" id="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-1590092677395" value="1590092677395"
/>
</div>
<label class="poll-answer-text" for="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-1590092677395"><p>Inside the Department Store (#67)</p></label>
</div>
<div class="poll-answer">
<div class="poll-input-container">
<input type="radio" name="choice" id="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-1590092692460" value="1590092692460"
/>
</div>
<label class="poll-answer-text" for="poll-f9342fd7e555447d9b95c30d4fde712a-answer-1590092692460"><p>Café District in Shinjuku (#83)</p></label>
</div>
</div>
</fieldset>
<input class="input-main" type="button" name="poll-submit" value="Submit" disabled/>
</form>
<div class="poll-voting-thanks
poll-hidden">
<span>Thank you.</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-3" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-problem xmodule_display xmodule_ProblemBlock" data-block-type="problem" data-has-score="True" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "Problem"}
</script>
<div id="problem_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1" class="problems-wrapper" role="group"
aria-labelledby="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1-problem-title"
data-problem-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1" data-url="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1/handler/xmodule_handler"
data-problem-score="0"
data-problem-total-possible="1"
data-attempts-used="0"
data-content="
<h3 class="hd hd-3 problem-header" id="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1-problem-title" aria-describedby="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1-problem-progress" tabindex="-1">
Checkboxes
</h3>
<div class="problem-progress" id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1-problem-progress"></div>
<div class="problem">
<div>
<div class="wrapper-problem-response" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div class="choicegroup capa_inputtype" id="inputtype_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1">
<fieldset aria-describedby="status_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1">
<legend id="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1-legend" class="response-fieldset-legend field-group-hd">Caf&#233; culture expressed which aspects of modernity in Tokyo?</legend>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1[]" id="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_0" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_0"/><label id="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1-choice_0-label" for="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_0" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1"> caf&#233;s offered young women a new opportunity for employment
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1[]" id="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_1" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_1"/><label id="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1-choice_1-label" for="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_1" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1"> older women were often hired as waitresses
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1[]" id="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_2" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_2"/><label id="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1-choice_2-label" for="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_2" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1"> waitresses lived at the edge of poverty
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1[]" id="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_3" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_3"/><label id="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1-choice_3-label" for="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_3" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1"> moga and mobo frequented caf&#233;s
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1[]" id="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_4" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_4"/><label id="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1-choice_4-label" for="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_4" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1"> spectatorship was not part of the caf&#233; and shopping districts
</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1[]" id="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_5" class="field-input input-checkbox" value="choice_5"/><label id="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1-choice_5-label" for="input_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1_choice_5" class="response-label field-label label-inline" aria-describedby="status_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1"> caf&#233;s ranged from seedy to upscale
</label>
</div>
<span id="answer_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1"/>
</fieldset>
<div class="indicator-container">
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1_2_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
</div>
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="action">
<input type="hidden" name="problem_id" value="Checkboxes" />
<div class="submit-attempt-container">
<button type="button" class="submit btn-brand" data-submitting="Submitting" data-value="Submit" data-should-enable-submit-button="True" aria-describedby="submission_feedback_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1" >
<span class="submit-label">Submit</span>
</button>
<div class="submission-feedback" id="submission_feedback_5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1">
<span class="sr">Some problems have options such as save, reset, hints, or show answer. These options follow the Submit button.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="problem-action-buttons-wrapper">
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification warning notification-gentle-alert
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-exclamation-circle" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1-problem-title">
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification warning notification-save
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-save" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1-problem-title">None
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification general notification-show-answer
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-info-circle" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="5a72c0910d9e400ca4b7f05976cd5ac1-problem-title">Answers are displayed within the problem
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
"
data-graded="True">
<p class="loading-spinner">
<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-2x fa-fw"></i>
<span class="sr">Loading…</span>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-4" data-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-problem xmodule_display xmodule_ProblemBlock" data-block-type="problem" data-has-score="True" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-request-token="7a1fb73843ba11efaed416ffcfe1c469" data-graded="True" data-usage-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162" data-course-id="course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "Problem"}
</script>
<div id="problem_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162" class="problems-wrapper" role="group"
aria-labelledby="08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162-problem-title"
data-problem-id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162" data-url="/courses/course-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019/xblock/block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162/handler/xmodule_handler"
data-problem-score="0"
data-problem-total-possible="3"
data-attempts-used="0"
data-content="
<h3 class="hd hd-3 problem-header" id="08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162-problem-title" aria-describedby="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162-problem-progress" tabindex="-1">
Dropdown
</h3>
<div class="problem-progress" id="block-v1:MITx+VTx+1T2019+type@problem+block@08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162-problem-progress"></div>
<div class="problem">
<div>
<div class="wrapper-problem-response" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 1" role="group"><div class="inputtype option-input ">
<label class="problem-group-label" for="input_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_2_1" id="label_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_2_1">Self-indulgent pleasures and consumption were part of modernity in the new Tokyo:</label>
<select name="input_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_2_1" id="input_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_2_1" aria-describedby="status_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_2_1">
<option value="option_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_2_1_dummy_default">Select an option</option>
<option value="true"> true</option>
<option value="false"> false</option>
</select>
<div class="indicator-container">
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_2_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
</div>
<p class="answer" id="answer_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_2_1"/>
</div></div>
<div class="wrapper-problem-response" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 2" role="group"><div class="inputtype option-input ">
<label class="problem-group-label" for="input_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_3_1" id="label_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_3_1">Typically more women than men could be seen walking in the fashionable Ginza area:</label>
<select name="input_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_3_1" id="input_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_3_1" aria-describedby="status_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_3_1">
<option value="option_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_3_1_dummy_default">Select an option</option>
<option value="true"> true</option>
<option value="false"> false</option>
</select>
<div class="indicator-container">
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_3_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
</div>
<p class="answer" id="answer_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_3_1"/>
</div></div>
<div class="wrapper-problem-response" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Question 3" role="group"><div class="inputtype option-input ">
<label class="problem-group-label" for="input_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_4_1" id="label_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_4_1">A hedonistic &#8221;floating world&#8220; was part of a lusty tradition dating back to the late feudal era:</label>
<select name="input_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_4_1" id="input_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_4_1" aria-describedby="status_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_4_1">
<option value="option_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_4_1_dummy_default">Select an option</option>
<option value="true"> true</option>
<option value="false"> false</option>
</select>
<div class="indicator-container">
<span class="status unanswered" id="status_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_4_1" data-tooltip="Not yet answered.">
<span class="sr">unanswered</span><span class="status-icon" aria-hidden="true"/>
</span>
</div>
<p class="answer" id="answer_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162_4_1"/>
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="action">
<input type="hidden" name="problem_id" value="Dropdown" />
<div class="submit-attempt-container">
<button type="button" class="submit btn-brand" data-submitting="Submitting" data-value="Submit" data-should-enable-submit-button="True" aria-describedby="submission_feedback_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162" >
<span class="submit-label">Submit</span>
</button>
<div class="submission-feedback" id="submission_feedback_08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162">
<span class="sr">Some problems have options such as save, reset, hints, or show answer. These options follow the Submit button.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="problem-action-buttons-wrapper">
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification warning notification-gentle-alert
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-exclamation-circle" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162-problem-title">
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification warning notification-save
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-save" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162-problem-title">None
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notification general notification-show-answer
is-hidden"
tabindex="-1">
<span class="icon fa fa-info-circle" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="notification-message" aria-describedby="08849e21db114c16b979ce78879ac162-problem-title">Answers are displayed within the problem
</span>
<div class="notification-btn-wrapper">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-small notification-btn review-btn sr">Review</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
"
data-graded="True">
<p class="loading-spinner">
<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-2x fa-fw"></i>
<span class="sr">Loading…</span>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>