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<p><big class="xxlarge">About 8.370.1x</big></p><p><b class="bf">Lecture Topics:</b> Introduction to quantum computation; classical Boolean logic; introduction to quantum mechanics; quantum measurement. </p><p>
We begin this course with an overview of quantum computation, then build a foundation for the semester by describing the basic tenets of classical computing, based on Boolean logic. We then present the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, in the context of quantum computation, based on four postulates governing states, time-evolution of states, measurement, and tensor products of states. We then illustrate some of the features of quantum mechanics, many of which arise in the context of quantum measurements. </p><p>
<br/><b class="bf">Optional Reading:</b> <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Quantum-Computation-Information-10th-Anniversary/dp/1107002176" target="_blank">Nielsen and Chuang</a>, Chapter 1 </p>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">CQ: Models for classical computation</h2>
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Universality of classical circuits
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This is a concept question, provided to double-check your understanding of the previous video clip. </p>
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In lecture, Prof. Shor introduced the topic of universality, and described how some models of classical computation which are universal, and other models are not. </p>
<p>
The circuit model of classical computation may be defined as the family of electrical circuits composed from AND gates and NOT gates. </p>
<p>
Check all the following which are true for the circuit model: </p>
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<text>Circuits are universal for classical computation</text>
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<text>Circuits are NOT a universal model for classical computation</text>
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<text>Circuits can describe computations which are beyond what a Turing machine can do</text>
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<text>Circuits can simulate Turing machines</text>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">CQ: Faster-than-light communication with entanglement?</h2>
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Faster-than-light communication with entanglement?
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<p>
This is a concept question, provided to double-check your understanding of the previous video clip. </p>
<p>
As described by Prof. Shor in the last lecture video clip, in 1982, Nick Herbert published <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00729622" target="_blank">a paper proposing FLASH</a>, &#8220;First Laser-Amplified Superluminal Hookup," offering a means to communicate faster than the speed of light, using quantum entanglement. </p>
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What was the flaw in Herbert's proposal? </p>
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<text> Entangled states have too short of a lifetime to allow superluminal communication</text>
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<text> Unknown quantum states cannot be copied</text>
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<h2 class="hd hd-2 unit-title">CQ: Mechanisms for fault-tolerance</h2>
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Mechanisms for fault-tolerance
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<p>
This is a concept question, provided to double-check your understanding of the previous video clip. </p>
<p>
Which of the following are mechanisms for fault-tolerance, as used in classical computing? Check all which apply: </p>
<p>
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<text>Massive redundancy</text>
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<text>Code rewriting</text>
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